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Medic - Exam 3 > Chapter 17 - Patient Assessment > Flashcards

Chapter 17 - Patient Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Antegrade Amnesia

A

The inability to remember short-term memory information after and event during which the head was struck.

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2
Q

Auscultation

A

The process of listening to body noises with stethoscope.

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3
Q

AVPU

A

Mnemonic for Awake, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive; used to evaluate a patient’s mental status.

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4
Q

Battle’s Signs

A

Significant bruising around the mastoid process (behind the ears).

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5
Q

Borborygmus

A

Hyperactivity of bowel sounds.

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6
Q

Bowel Sounds

A

The noises made by the intestinal smooth muscles as they squeeze fluids and food products through the digestive tract.

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7
Q

Bradycardia

A

Heart rate slower than 60 beats/min.

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8
Q

Bradypnea

A

A respiratory rate less than 12 breaths/min.

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9
Q

Bruit

A

The blowing or swishing sound created by the turbulence within a blood vessel.

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10
Q

Carotid Bruit

A

The noise made when blood in the carotid arteries passes over plaque buildups.

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11
Q

Core Body Temperature

A

The measured body temperature within the core of the body; generally measured with an esophageal probe; normal is 98.6 F.

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12
Q

CSM

A

Circulation, Sensation, and Movement

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13
Q

Cullen’s Sign

A

Yellow-blue ecchymosis surrounding the umbilicus.

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14
Q

Cyanosis

A

A bluish coloration of the skin as a result of hypoxemia, or deoxygenation of hemoglobin.

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15
Q

Diastole

A

The period when the ventricles are relaxed and filling with blood.

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16
Q

Diastolic Blood Pressure

A

The pressure exerted against the walls of the large arteries during ventricular relaxation.

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17
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Collection of blood within the skin that appears blue-black, eventually fading to a greenish-brown and yellow; commonly called a bruise.

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18
Q

Fluctuance

A

A wavelike motion felt between two fingertips when palpating a fluid-filled structure such as a subcutaneous abscess.

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19
Q

Gasping

A

Inhaling and exhaling with quick, difficult breaths.

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20
Q

Grey-Turner’s Sign

A

Bruising along the flanks that may indicate pancreatitis or intra-abdominal hemorrhage

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21
Q

Grunting

A

A short, low-pitched sound heard at the end of exhalation that represents an attempt to generate positive end-expiratory pressure by exhaling against a closed glottis, prolonging the period of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange across the alveolar-capillary membrane; a compensatory mechanism to help maintain latency of small airways and prevent atelectasis.

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22
Q

Gurgling

A

Abnormal respiratory sound associated with collection of liquid and semisolid material in the patient’s upper airway.

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23
Q

Head Bobbing

A

Indicator of increased work of breathing in infants; the head falls forward with exhalation and comes up with expansion of the chest on inhalation.

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24
Q

Hypertension

A

Elevated blood pressure.

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25
Q

Hyperthermia

A

A core body temperature greater than 98.6 F

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26
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure significant enough to cause inadequate perfusion.

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27
Q

Hypothermia

A

A core body temperature below 95 F

28
Q

Induration

A

Hardened mass within the tissue typically associated with inflammation.

29
Q

Korotkoff Sounds

A

The noise made by blood under pressure tumbling through the arteries.

30
Q

Lesions

A

A wound, injury, or pathologic change in body tissue; any visible, local abnormality of the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil.

31
Q

Life-Threatening Conditions

A

A problem of the circulatory, respiratory, or nervous system that will kill a patient within minutes if not properly managed.

32
Q

Minute Volume

A

The amount of air moved in and out of the lungs in 1 minute; determined by multiplying the tidal volume by the respiratory rate.

33
Q

Nasal Flaring

A

Widening of the nostrils on inhalation; an attempt to increase the size of the airway and increase the amount of available oxygen.

34
Q

Nystagmus

A

Involuntary rapid movement of the eyes in the horizontal, vertical, or rotary planes of the eyeball.

35
Q

Painful Stimulus

A

Any stimulus that causes discomfort to the patient, triggering some sort of response.

36
Q

Palpitation

A

The process of applying pressure against the body with the intent of gathering information.

37
Q

Percussion

A

A diagnostic technique that uses tapping on he body to differentiate air, solids, and fluids.

38
Q

Photosensitivity

A

A conditioning which the patient’s eyes are sensitive or feel pain when exposed to bright light.

39
Q

Pleural friction rub

A

Noise made when the visceral and parietal pleura rub together.

40
Q

Point of Maximum Impulse (PMI)

A

The apical impulse; the site when the heart beat is most strongly felt.

41
Q

Pulse Oximetry

A

A measured percent of saturated hemoglobin.

42
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

The difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

43
Q

Raccoon Eyes

A

Bruising around the orbits of the eyes.

44
Q

Range of Motion

A

The full and natural range of a joint’s movement.

45
Q

Rapid Medical Assessment

A

A quick head-to-toe assessment of a medical patient who is unresponsive or has an altered mental status.

46
Q

Rapid Trauma Assessment

A

A quick head-to-toe assessment of a trauma patient with a significant mechanism of injury.

47
Q

Rebound tenderness

A

Discomfort experienced by the patient that occurs when the pressure from palpation is released.

48
Q

Retractions

A

Sinking in of the soft tissues above the sternum or clavicle or between of below the ribs during inhalation.

49
Q

Retrograde Amnesia

A

The inability to remember events or recall memories from before an event in which the head was struck.

50
Q

S1

A

The sound of the tricuspid and mitral valves closing

51
Q

S2

A

The sound of the closing of the pulmonary and aortic valves.

52
Q

Signs and Symptoms

A

Signs are medical or trauma condition of the patient that can be seen heard, smelled, measured, or felt during the examination/ Symptoms are conditions described by the patient, such as shortness of breath, or pieces of information bystanders tell you about the patient’s chief complaint.

53
Q

Shock

A

Inadequate systemic perfusion.

54
Q

Skin Turgor

A

The elasticity of the skin/ good skin turgor returns the skin’s natural shape within 2 seconds.

55
Q

Sniffing Position

A

Neck flexion at the fifth and sixth cervical vertebrae, with the head extended at the first and second cervical vertebrae. This position aligns the axes of the mouth, pharynx, and trace, opening the airway and increasing airflow.

56
Q

Snoring

A

Noisy breathing through the mouth and nose during sleep; caused by air passing through a narrowed upper airway.

57
Q

Stridor

A

A harsh, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration associated with upper airway obstruction; Often described as a high-pitched crowing or “seal bark” sound.

58
Q

Systole

A

The period when the ventricles are contracting.

59
Q

Systolic Blood Pressure

A

The pressure exerted against the walls o the large attires at the peak of ventricular contrition.

60
Q

Tachycardia

A

A hear rate greater than 100 beats/min.

61
Q

Tachypnea

A

An increased respiratory rate, usually greater than 30 breaths/min.

62
Q

Tidal Volume

A

The volume of air moved into or out of the lungs during a normal breath; can be indirectly evaluated by observing the rise and fall of the patient’s chest and abdomen.

63
Q

Tripod Position

A

Position used to maintain an open airway that involves sitting upright and leaning forward with the neck slightly extend, chin projected, and mouth open and supported by the arms.

64
Q

Verbal Stimulus

A

Any noise that elicits some sort of response from the patient.

65
Q

Visual Acuity Card

A

A standard board used to test vision.

66
Q

Voluntary Guarding

A

Conscious contrition of the abdominal muscles in an attempt to prevent painful palpation.

67
Q

Wheezes

A

High-pithced whistling sounds produced by air moving through narrowed airway passages.

Medic - Exam 3 (6 decks)

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