Chapter 17 Fluid And Electrolyte Balance Flashcards
Homeostasis
Home/o. Constant or sameness
-stasis controlling
Controlling sameness
Homeostasis
Receptor~control center~ appropriate response ~change
Intercellular Fluid (ICF)
About one half to two thirds of the total body fluid in an adult
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
About one third of the total body fluid in adult. Located in blood and the in tissue.
ICF
Stabilizer for parts of cell
Help maintain cell shape
Assist with transport of nutrients
Major ions: potassium, magnesium, phosphate
ECF
Appears in interstitial and intravascular fluid
Trans cellular fluid: specialized ECFs
Major ions: sodium, chlorine, carbonate
Volume of ECF is major factor of body fluid balance
Hypovolemic shock
Fluid overload
Adult at rest takes approximately
2,500 mL of fluid daily
Electrolytes
Minerals in the body that conduct electricity
Ion
An atom that has acquired an electrical charge and bonding ability
Cation
Positively charged ion
Sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium
Anion
Negatively charged ion
Chlorine Bicarbonate
Ionization
Involves dissociation of compounds into respective free-standing ions
Major intercellular
Potassium K+ Magnesium Mg++ Sulfate So4++ Phosphate HPO44-
ROME
Respiratory Opposites Metabolic Equal
Normal Oxygen Saturation
95-100
Ph for the human body levels
7.35-7.45
Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
A blood test that provides information regarding electrolytes and fluid balance and includes information regarding renal function and glucose levels.
Complete Metabolic Panel (CMP)
A blood test that provides information regarding electrolytes and fluid balance. In addition to those findings included in the BMP, the CMP also includes information regarding the body’s metabolism, including protein and liver function.
Hypovolemia
Decreased in blood volume due to body fluid or blood loss
Tachycardia
Heart rate above the expected reference range.
Dehydration
Excess water loss without a loss of sodium
Tachypnea
Respiratory rate greater than expected range
Osmolality
A measurement of the solutes within a solution.
Three main fluid compartments
Intercellular which holds 67% of the body’s water
Extracellular space
Interstitial space which contains 25% of body water
Intravascular
The space within the vascular system including within the chambers of the heart, the arteries and veins. Hold 8%
Osmosis
Refers to the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration such as fluid moving into into or out of cell, in an effort to maintain homeostasis.
GFR
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Sodium Na+
135-145 mEq/l
Potassium K+
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Calcium Ca++
4.3-5.3
Magnesium Mg++
1.5-1.9
Chloride Cl-
95-108 mEq/L
Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
22-26 mEq/L
Phosphate HPO-4. H2 PO-4
1.7-2.6 mEq/L
Water is a good
Solvent
Solvent
Is a liquid that dissolves substances
Solute
Is the substance dissolved
Ex ( salts and sugars)
IVF
Intra vascular fluid within blood and lymphatic vessels
Interstitial fluid (IF)
Is found between cells accounts for about 15% of body weight 3.5L
Plasmas
Intravascular fluid is the watery fluid in blood
Major ions in ECF are
Sodium, Chlorine and Carbonate
Bladder urine is also considered
Transcellular fluid
What is the most important fluid in regulation of fluid balance
Extracellular fluid
The transport of water and dissolved materials through a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an of lower pressure and is very common in the the body
Filtration
Body Fluids are composed:
Water dissolved substances glucose amino acids electrolytes and other nutrients
