Chapter 17 Ear Eye and Special Senses

Question 1

human body has two types of “senses”

Answer 1

1) General Senses – pain, temperature, touch
pressure, vibration, and proprioception (body location) (Covered in Chapter 15)

2). Special Senses:
-Olfaction (smell), vision, gustation (taste), equilibrium (balance), and hearing

Question 2

Sensory Receptors

Answer 2

are special cells or cells that provide your CNS with information about internal or external conditions.

Question 3

Olfactory Path

Answer 3

Cilia within a mucus layer to
Olfactory Unipolar nerve
to the olfactory bulb to olfactory tract

Question 4

Olfactory epithelium-has

Answer 4

“smell receptors”.

Question 5

Lamina propria –

Answer 5

underlying connective tissue which produces mucus.

Question 6

Organic molecules in the air land on receptors called

Answer 6

“odorant binding proteins”

Question 7

“odorant binding proteins”

Answer 7

open Na++ channels and start an action potential

Question 8

A dog has more receptors than human and can be

Answer 8

72 times more sensitive.

Question 9

Olfactory nerve

Answer 9

(Cranial Nerve 1) is responsible for smell

Question 10

Olfactory organ is made up of:

Answer 10

Humans have about 10-20 million Olfactory Receptor cells.
Humans can distinguish between 2000 – 4000 smells.

Question 11

“gustatory receptors”.

Answer 11

taste receptors

Question 12

Gustatory are only found tongue, pharynx, and larynx as kids

Answer 12

Tongue only for adults

Question 13

taste receptors are distributed

Answer 13

along superior surface of the tongue.

Question 14

lingual papillae –

Answer 14

contain Taste receptors called “Taste Buds” (about 3000 taste buds in Humans)

Question 15

3 Types of Papillae

Answer 15

1) Filiform – does not have taste receptors. Tactile sensation
2) Fungiform – does contain taste buds/receptors. Sweet, sour, salty, bitter
3) Circumvallate - Found only in the back of the tongue

Question 16

taste bud

Answer 16

contains 40 receptor cells

Question 17

Dissolved chemicals

Answer 17

bind to the receptor proteins

Question 18

Umami is a taste close to

Answer 18

broth

Question 19

Taste monitored by

Answer 19

facial (VII) Glossopharyngeal (IX) and Vagus (X)

Question 20

Special Senses:Sight

Accessories of the Eye:

.

Answer 20

-Eyelids (palpebrae) – act as windshield wipers to clean the eye.
-Palpebral fissure – gap between the 2 eyelids.
-Medial canthus and lateral canthus – where 2 eyelids connect.
-Eye lashes – prevent foreign matter from reaching the eye.
-Tarsal glands – along inner margin of eyelid; that secrete a lipid rich product that prevents eyelids from sticking together