Chapter 17: Building a Real-World Network Flashcards
Campus Area Network (CAN)
A network installed in a medium-sized space spanning multiple buildings.
What should you put in your list of requirements?
- Define the network’s needs
- Why are you installing this network?
- What primary features do you need?
Device Types/Requirements
- What equipment do you need?
- How should you organize the network?
Environment Limitations
- What sort of buildings do you need to work with?
- Do you have access to walls or ceilings?
Equipment Limitations
Are you using existing equipment, applications, or cabling?
Compatibility Requirements
What sort of compatibility issues do you have between old and new devices?
Wired/Wireless Considerations
What type of structured cabling do you need?
Does this network need wireless?
How do you connect to the Internet?
Security Considerations
How will you deal with computer, data, and network security?
Network Design
Quantifies the equipment, operating systems, and applications used by the network.
How should you decide on your OS?
Based on the applications you want and the workers’ preference.
What are Peripherals?
Printers, scanners, fax machines, etc.
Which devices should have static IP addresses?
Servers and WAPs
Metro Ethernet
A MAN based on the Ethernet Standard
Unified Communication (UC)
A system that rolls many different network services into one.
Unified Voice Services
Complete, self-contained Internet services that rely on nothing more than software installed on computers and the computers’ microphone/speakers to provide voice telecommunication over the Internet. (Skype)
Presence Info
Technology enabling users to show they are present and capable of accepting other forms of communication
Video Teleconferencing
The classic, multicast-based presentation where one presenter pushes out a stream of video to any number of clients.
Real-Time Video
Communication that offers both audio and video via unicast messages.
UC Device
Used to handle voice, video, and more.
UC Server
Typically a dedicated box that supports any UC-provided service.
UC Gateway
An edge device used to add extra services to an edge router.
What are the two main protocols used by UC?
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
and
Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP)
H.323
- A VoIP standard that handles the initiation, setup, and delivery of VoIP sessions
- Port 1720
Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP)
A protocol that is designed to be a complete VoIP or video presentation connection and session controller.
-TCP ports 2427/2727
Medianet
A network of far-flung routers and servers that provide sufficient bandwidth for VTC via QoS
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
- Defines a digital method for telephone communications.
- ISDN lines have telephone numbers and support up to 128-Kbps transfer rates
- Allows data and voice to share a common line
H.320
A standard that uses multiple ISDN channels to transport video teleconferencing over a network.
Differential Services (DiffServ)
The underlying architecture that makes QoS work.
Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN)
A 2-bit field where QoS-aware devices can place a “congestion encountered” signal to other QoS-aware devices.
Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)
6-bit field following the ECN, together indicating the Class of Service
Industrial Control System (ICS)
The overall system that monitors and controls machines.
3 Components of ICS
1) Input/Output Functions: Work through sensors and activation
2) Controller
3) Interface
Distributed Control System (DCS)
A small controller added directly to a machine used to distribute the computing load.
Human Machine Interface (HMI)
In a DCS, a computer or set of controls that exists between a controller and a human operator.
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
A computer that controls a machine according to a set of ordered steps.
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
A system that has the basic components of a DCS, yet is designed for large-scale, distributed processes and functions with the idea that remote devices may or may not have ongoing communication with the central cloud.
Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)
In a SCADA environment, has the same functions as a controller plus additional autonomy to deal with connection loss.
What is the purpose of network segmentation?
Security, performance optimization, load balancing, and compliance.
Segmentation at Layer 1
Physically separating your network from every other network. (Known as an air gap)
Segmentation at Layer 2
Separating a physically connected network into separate broadcast domains.
VLANs
Segmentation at Layer 3
Separating broadcast domains by blocking IP routes.
Segmentation above Layer 3
VPNs, separate SSIDs, separate Windows domains, virtualization.
Closed network
Any network that strictly controls who and what may connect to it.
