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Modern World History Unit 5 > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

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1
Q

Intended to protect the members against aggression

A

United Nations

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2
Q

Represented Europe’s division between a mostly democratic Western Europe and a communist Eastern Europe

A

Iron curtain

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3
Q

Policy directed at blocking Soviet influence and preventing the expansion of communism

A

Containment

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4
Q

Would provide food, machines, and other materials

A

Marshall Plan

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5
Q

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

A

NATO

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6
Q

Soviet Alliance System in 1955 as part of their own containment policy

A

Warsaw Pact

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7
Q

Willingness to go to the brink, or edge, of war

A

Brinkmanship

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8
Q

Soviet sentenced Francis gray powers to ten years in prison after capturing him in the war/ brought mistrust and tensions between the superpowers

A

U-2 Incident

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9
Q

Truman’s support for countries that rejected communism

A

Truman Doctrine

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10
Q

The leader that the communists communists held a stronghold in northwestern China

A

Mao ZeDong

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11
Q

Leader where nationalist forces dominated southwestern China

A

Jiang Jieshi

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12
Q

Larger collective farms

A

Communes

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13
Q

High school and college students who responded to Mao’s call

A

Red Guards

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14
Q

Red Guards major revolution/ goal= to Establish a society of Peasants and workers and workers in which we’re all equal

A

Cultural Revolution

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15
Q

A lone that crosses Korea at 38 degrees north latitude

A

38th parallel

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16
Q

General who led 15 nations into Korea to stop the invasion

A

Douglas MacArthur

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17
Q

Young Vietnamese nationalist that turned to the communist for help

A

Ho Chi Minh

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18
Q

US President Eisenhower described the threat

A

Domino theory

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19
Q

Leader who France built an anti-communist Government

A

Ngo Dinh Diem

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20
Q

Communist guerrillas

A

Vietcong

21
Q

Allowed for US troops to gradually pull out, while the South Vietnamese increased their combat role

A

Vietnamization

22
Q

Communist rebels who set up a brutal government government under the leadership of Pol Pot

A

Khmer Rouge

23
Q

Consisted of developing nations who were not aligned with either superpower

A

3rd World

24
Q

Independent nations

A

Nonaligned Nations

25
Q

Led the revolution that overthrew Batista

A

Fidel Castro

26
Q

Funded the Nicaraguan dictatorship of…

A

Anastacio Somoza

27
Q

Sandinistas leader

A

Daniel Ortega

28
Q

Embraced western government and wealthy western oil companies

A

Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi

29
Q

Leader of the group that opposed what they saw as socially and morally corrupting western influences

A

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

30
Q

Dominant Soviet leader in 1953

A

Nikita Khrushchev

31
Q

Purging t country of Stalin’s memory

A

Destalinization

32
Q

Quickly adopted repressive domestic policies

A

Leonid Brezhnev

33
Q

President during the 1960’s

A

John F. Kennedy

34
Q

Policy of lessened Cold War tensions

A

Detente

35
Q

Assumed US presidency after JFK was shot

A

Lyndon Johnson

36
Q

Replaced brinkmanship

A

Richard M. Nixon

37
Q

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

A

SALT

38
Q

Took office in 1981

A

Ronald Reagan

39
Q

Why did some Americans oppose the Truman Doctrine?

A

Didn’t want US to interfere with other nations “problems”, lacked the resources to carry in a global crusade against communism

40
Q

How did the Soviet union respond to the US policy of brinkmanship?

A

They made their own collection of bombs

41
Q

Which sides did the superpowers support in the Chinese internal struggle for control of the country?

A

US helped Taiwan set up a nationalist government
Soviets gave China financial support
2 superpowers divided up Korea into a soviet supported Communist north and a US-supported South

42
Q

What were the results of Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution?

A

GLF- poor planning and inefficient “backyard” industries hampered growth, crop failures unleashed famine that killed 20 million people
CR-closed down factories and threatened farm production, civil war seemed possible, thousand of people executed or jailed by the red guard

43
Q

What effects did the Korean War have in Korea’s land and people?

A

Remained divided into 2 countries/ killed 5 million soldiers and civilian deaths
South korea- massive aid from US and prospered, concentrated on industry and boosting foreign trade
North Korea- communist, established collective farms, built countries military power, developed nuclear weapons, economy struggled shortage of food and energy

44
Q

What major difficulties did the US Army face in fighting the war in Vietnam?

A

First, they were fighting a guerilla was in unfamiliar jungle terrain. Second, the South Vietnamese government they were supporting was becoming unpopular. At the same time, Soviet supported Vietcong grew.

45
Q

Why did developing nations often align themselves with one or the other superpower?

A

They provide military aid, build schools, set up programs to combat poverty, and sent volunteer workers to developing nations

46
Q

How did the Soviet Union respond to the US-supported pay of pigs invasion?

A

They built 42 missile sits in Cuba as a threat to the US because of the failure of the bay of pigs

47
Q

In what ways did Soviet actions hamper Eastern Europe’s economic recovery after WW2?

A

They had to develop industries to meet the Soviets “needs” so they couldn’t focus on their own economies

48
Q

What policies characterized realpolitik and how did they affect the course of the Cold War?

A

The policies were to give up these long systems of fear, and bring them back together. Realpolitik helped ease Cold War tensions.

Modern World History Unit 5 (3 decks)

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