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World History Unit 5 > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

International organization that was intended to protect members against aggression: consisted of 48 countries

A

United Nations

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2
Q

Boundary separating the communist nations of Eastern Europe from the mostly Democratic nations of Western Europe

A

Iron curtain

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3
Q

A policy directed at blocking Soviet influence and preventing the expansion of communism

A

Containment

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4
Q

Truman’s support for countries that rejected communism

A

Truman Doctrine

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5
Q

U.S. program of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after WWII

A

Marshall Plan

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6
Q

A defensive military alliance formed in 1914 by ten Western European nations, the United States and Canada

A

NATO

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7
Q

Alliance system in 1955 included Soviet Union, Poland, east Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania

A

Warsaw Pact

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8
Q

The state of diplomatic hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union in the decade following WWII

A

Cold War

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9
Q

Willingness to go it the brink, or edge of war

A

Brinkmanship

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10
Q

The shooting down of a U.S. spy plane and capture of its pilot by the Soviet Union in 1960

A

U-2 incident

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11
Q

Leader who led the communist party to hold northwestern China

A

Mao Zedong

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12
Q

Nationalist, formally named Chiang Kai-shek, dominated southwestern China

A

Jiang Jieshi

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13
Q

Larger collective farms

A

Communes

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14
Q

High school and college students who formed militia units

A

Red Guard

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15
Q

1966-1967 uprising in China led by red guard wuththe goal of establishing a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal

A

Cultural Revolution

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16
Q

Line that crosses Korea at 38 degrees north latitude

A

38th parallel

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17
Q

General under 15 Nations to force Korea to the invasion

A

Douglas MacArthur

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18
Q

Young Vietnamese nationalists who turned to the communist party for his struggles.

A

Ho Chi Minh

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19
Q

The idea that if a nation falls under communist control, nearby nations will also fall under communist control

A

Domino theory

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20
Q

France set up an anti-communist government under the leadership of…

A

Ngo Dinh Dien

21
Q

Communist guerrillas

A

Vietcong

22
Q

Nixon’s plan that allowed for U.S. troops to gradually pull out, while Vietnamese increased their combat role

A

Vietnamization

23
Q

Communist rebels

A

Khmer Rouge

24
Q

Consisted of developing nations, often newly independent, who were not aligned with either superpower

A

Third World

25
Q

Independent countries that remained neutral in the Cold War competition between the United States and the Soviet Union

A

Nonaligned Nations

26
Q

Young lawyer who led the Cuban Revolution

A

Fidel Castro

27
Q

Nicaraguan dictatorship of…

since 1933

A

Anastasio Somoza

28
Q

Sandinistas leader

A

Daniel Ortega

29
Q

Iran’s leader after WWII

A

Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi

30
Q

The leader of the religious opposition in Iran

A

Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini

31
Q

After Stalin’s death a loyal member of the communist party became the dominant leader whose name was…

A

Nikita Khrushchev

32
Q

Who became leader of the communist party after Khrushchev was removed from power?

A

Leonid Brezhnev

33
Q

President who was assassinated

A

John F. Kennedy

34
Q

Person who assumed presidency after the assassination of JFK

A

Lyndon Johnson

35
Q

A policy of lessened Cold War tensions

A

Détente

36
Q

U.S. president who replaced detente was realpolitik

A

Richard M. Nixon

37
Q

A series of meetings in the 1970s, in which leaders of the United States and Soviet Union agree to limit stocks of nuclear weapons

A

SALT

38
Q

Anti-Communist U.S. president who took office in 1981. Announced SDI program.

A

Ronald Reagan

39
Q

A program to protect the US against attack by enemy missiles, proposed in 1983 by Reagan but never implemented formally known as SDI

A

Star Wars

40
Q

Why did some Americans oppose the Truman Doctrine?

A

Didn’t want to get into other countries affairs, some believed we lacked resources and other support

41
Q

How did the Soviet Union respond to the U.S. policy of brinkmanship?

A

Made their own collection of nuclear bombs.

42
Q

Which sides did the superpowers support in the Chinese internal struggle for control of the country?

A

United States supported Nationalists and Jiang Jeishi. The Soviet Union supported Mao Zedong and the Communists.

43
Q

What were the results of Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution?

A

Both the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution failed greatly. They failed to create a powerful socialistic state, and their production rates went down.

44
Q

What effect did the Korean War have on Korea’s land and people?

A

After three years of fighting, the border between the two Koreas was set near the 38th parallel, almost where it had been before the war. Approximately 5 million soldiers and civilians died in the war.

45
Q

What major difficulties did the U.S. Army face in fighting the war in Vietnam?

A

First, they were fighting a guerilla was in unfamiliar jungle terrain. Second, the South Vietnamese government they were supporting was becoming unpopular. At the same time, Soviet supported Vietcong grew.

46
Q

Why did developing nations often align themselves with one or the other superpower?

A

They needed financial aid to help industrialize, and political aid to build government.

47
Q

How did the Soviet Union respond to the U.S.- supported Bay of Pigs invasion?

A

They put 42 missiles in Cuba.

48
Q

In what ways did Soviet actions hamper eastern Europe’s economic recovery after WWII?

A

The Soviet Union kept a tight grip on the European countries. It did not allow them to direct and develop their own economies. Instead, they had to develop industries to meet Soviet needs.

49
Q

What policies characterized realpolitik and how did they affect the course of the Cold War?

A

The policies were to give up these long systems of fear, and bring them back together. Realpolitik helped ease Cold War tensions.

World History Unit 5 (3 decks)

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