Chapter 17 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What was another name for the North
Union (they are the aggressors)
What was another name fore the South
Confederates (they are fighting a defensive war
Fort Sumter (Where, generals, date, president, states that seceded, winner)
Where: Charleston Harbor, South Carolina
Union general: Major Robert Anderson
Confederates general: PGT Beauregard
Date: April 12, 1861
President of Confederacy: Jefferson Davis
States that secede: Seven of them seceded (South Carolina was first)
Winner: Confederates (South)
Emancipation Proclamation (Who issued, when, why then, define emancipate, Lincoln’s political goal, impact on war)
Who issued: Abraham Lincoln
When: Jan.1, 1863. After the battle of Antietam
Why then: So we didn’t look desperate and weak
Define emancipate: To set free (Only in the Confederate states)
Lincoln’s political goal: To keep our country united.
Impact on war: England stopped helping and trading with the south
Gettysburg (Commander of the Confederates, Day 1,2, and 3, who occupied seminary ridge, who occupied cemetery ridge, Lee’s right hand men, winner)
Commander of the Confederates: Robert E. Lee
Day 1: Confederates drove the Union forces out of Gettysburg. The Union held their position. Nonstop fighting.
Day 2: Nonstop fighting
Day 3: Lee ordered George Pickett to charge 15,000 Confederates across open field and up a hill to attack the Union. This is known as Picket’s charge.
Who occupied Seminary Ridge: Confederates
Who occupied Cemetery Ridge: Union
Lee’s right hand man(s) at Gettysburg: Longstreet and Picket
Winner: Union
Vicksburg (Union commander, Confederate commander, date of surrender, define siege, two nicknames for Grant, why was Vicksburg crucial, total war, winner)
Union commander: General Grant
Confederate commander: Pemberton
Date of surrender: July 4th, 1863
Define siege: Nonstop attack
Two nicknames for Grant: Unconditional surrender Grant and the Butcher
Why was Vicksburg crucial: It helped us control the Mississippi river
Total war: Everyone is fighting and everyone is at risk
Winner: Union
Appomattox Courthouse (Union commander, Confederate commander, who surrendered, date, winner)
Union commander: General Grant
Confederate commander: General Lee
Who surrendered: The Confederate
Date: April 9, 1865
Winner: Union
Purpose of Gettysburg Address
To dedicate the battlefield to everyone who died. For the Union to continue to fight and not give up.
William Sherman
Was ordered to destroy everything in the South
George McClellan
Appointed by Lincoln to head the Union army. Very cautious and moves slowly. His army was nicknamed the army of the Potomac.
Artillery
Cannons
Infantry
Foot soldiers; the main forces in battle
Cavalry
soldiers on horse; the eyes and ears of the army
Martial law
Ruled by the army instead of elected government
Inflation
A rise in prices and decrease in the value of our money
Habeas Corpus
The right for a hearing before being thrown in jail
Battle of Shiloh (description)
Siege/bloodiest civil war fought to control the Mississippi River
Battle of Chancellorsville (Generals, Victory, description)
Virginia, May 1863 - Geral Jacksons last battle. Confederate victory.
Union General - Joseph Hooker
Confederate Generals - Robert E. Lee & Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson.
- Three day battle
- Confederates hidden in a wooded area… again fire on Union troops
Battle of Fredericksburg (Generals, description, victory)
Virginia, Dec. 1862 - One of the worst defeats for the Union. Lee took down wave after of Union troops.
Union General - Ambrose Burnside
Confederate General - Robert E. Lee
- Confederate are entrenched behind a stone wall on a hill… Union troops must charge across open ground
- Confederates shot down wave after wave of charging Union troops
- Battle is a complete disaster and loss for the Union
- Confederate victory
Ironclad ships for Union and Confederacy
Union = Monitor
Confederates = CSS Merrimac (The Virginia)
Confederate Capital City
Richmond Virginia
President of the Union
Abraham Lincoln
South strengths at the beginning of the war
- They were fighting to defend their homeland - gave them a strong reason to fight.
- They knew the countryside better.
- The land was wooded - the Confederates used this for cover from the Union troops.
South weaknesses at the beginning of the war
- Few factories produced weapons
- Few railroads to move troops and supplies
- Small population - 9million compared to 22 million in the Union.
- Confederate government had a had time getting things done - Confederates constitution favored states rights and limited power of government.
