Chapter 17

Question 1

What was another name for the North

Answer 1

Union (they are the aggressors)

Question 2

What was another name fore the South

Answer 2

Confederates (they are fighting a defensive war

Question 3

Fort Sumter (Where, generals, date, president, states that seceded, winner)

Answer 3

Where: Charleston Harbor, South Carolina

Union general: Major Robert Anderson

Confederates general: PGT Beauregard

Date: April 12, 1861

President of Confederacy: Jefferson Davis

States that secede: Seven of them seceded (South Carolina was first)

Winner: Confederates (South)

Question 4

Emancipation Proclamation (Who issued, when, why then, define emancipate, Lincoln’s political goal, impact on war)

Answer 4

Who issued: Abraham Lincoln

When: Jan.1, 1863. After the battle of Antietam

Why then: So we didn’t look desperate and weak

Define emancipate: To set free (Only in the Confederate states)

Lincoln’s political goal: To keep our country united.

Impact on war: England stopped helping and trading with the south

Question 5

Gettysburg (Commander of the Confederates, Day 1,2, and 3, who occupied seminary ridge, who occupied cemetery ridge, Lee’s right hand men, winner)

Answer 5

Commander of the Confederates: Robert E. Lee

Day 1: Confederates drove the Union forces out of Gettysburg. The Union held their position. Nonstop fighting.

Day 2: Nonstop fighting

Day 3: Lee ordered George Pickett to charge 15,000 Confederates across open field and up a hill to attack the Union. This is known as Picket’s charge.

Who occupied Seminary Ridge: Confederates

Who occupied Cemetery Ridge: Union

Lee’s right hand man(s) at Gettysburg: Longstreet and Picket

Winner: Union

Question 6

Vicksburg (Union commander, Confederate commander, date of surrender, define siege, two nicknames for Grant, why was Vicksburg crucial, total war, winner)

Answer 6

Union commander: General Grant

Confederate commander: Pemberton

Date of surrender: July 4th, 1863

Define siege: Nonstop attack

Two nicknames for Grant: Unconditional surrender Grant and the Butcher

Why was Vicksburg crucial: It helped us control the Mississippi river

Total war: Everyone is fighting and everyone is at risk

Winner: Union

Question 7

Appomattox Courthouse (Union commander, Confederate commander, who surrendered, date, winner)

Answer 7

Union commander: General Grant

Confederate commander: General Lee

Who surrendered: The Confederate

Date: April 9, 1865

Winner: Union

Question 8

Purpose of Gettysburg Address

Answer 8

To dedicate the battlefield to everyone who died. For the Union to continue to fight and not give up.

Question 9

William Sherman

Answer 9

Was ordered to destroy everything in the South

Question 10

George McClellan

Answer 10

Appointed by Lincoln to head the Union army. Very cautious and moves slowly. His army was nicknamed the army of the Potomac.

Question 11

Artillery

Answer 11

Cannons

Question 12

Infantry

Answer 12

Foot soldiers; the main forces in battle

Question 13

Cavalry

Answer 13

soldiers on horse; the eyes and ears of the army

Question 14

Martial law

Answer 14

Ruled by the army instead of elected government

Question 15

Inflation

Answer 15

A rise in prices and decrease in the value of our money

Question 16

Habeas Corpus

Answer 16

The right for a hearing before being thrown in jail

Question 17

Battle of Shiloh (description)

Answer 17

Siege/bloodiest civil war fought to control the Mississippi River

Question 18

Battle of Chancellorsville (Generals, Victory, description)

Answer 18

Virginia, May 1863 - Geral Jacksons last battle. Confederate victory.
Union General - Joseph Hooker
Confederate Generals - Robert E. Lee & Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson.
- Three day battle
- Confederates hidden in a wooded area… again fire on Union troops

Question 19

Battle of Fredericksburg (Generals, description, victory)

Answer 19

Virginia, Dec. 1862 - One of the worst defeats for the Union. Lee took down wave after of Union troops.
Union General - Ambrose Burnside
Confederate General - Robert E. Lee
- Confederate are entrenched behind a stone wall on a hill… Union troops must charge across open ground
- Confederates shot down wave after wave of charging Union troops
- Battle is a complete disaster and loss for the Union
- Confederate victory

Question 20

Ironclad ships for Union and Confederacy

Answer 20

Union = Monitor
Confederates = CSS Merrimac (The Virginia)

Question 21

Confederate Capital City

Answer 21

Richmond Virginia

Question 22

President of the Union

Answer 22

Abraham Lincoln

Question 23

South strengths at the beginning of the war

Answer 23

1. They were fighting to defend their homeland - gave them a strong reason to fight.
2. They knew the countryside better.
3. The land was wooded - the Confederates used this for cover from the Union troops.

Question 24

South weaknesses at the beginning of the war

Answer 24

1. Few factories produced weapons
2. Few railroads to move troops and supplies
3. Small population - 9million compared to 22 million in the Union.
4. Confederate government had a had time getting things done - Confederates constitution favored states rights and limited power of government.

Question 25

North strengths

Answer 25

1. Bigger population - more people to fight, make weapons and grow crops for food
2. More factories and railroads - weapons/moving troops.
3. Strong navy - many trading ships

Question 26

North weaknesses

Answer 26

1. instead of defending homes they were invading unfamiliar land