Line along which the electric potential is constant Isolines PERPENDICULAR to E-field at all points Continuous (never end)

Chapter 17 Flashcards by alexia oltramare

Electric force

interaction between 2 charged objects (N)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Electric field

Force exerted on a tiny + test charge (q) placed at that point DIVIDED by magnitude of test charge

Units: (N/C)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equation for E-field

charge (q) creating the field

(E-field with respect to location)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equation for E-field

charge (q) experiencing field

(E-field with respect to location)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Work

force acts on an object and causes a displacement

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Energy

conserved substance like quantity (can be stored in multiple modes but its always the same thing)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Energy storage modes

gravitational, kinetic, elastic, electrical

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equation for WORK

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Is work stored in a system?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Is energy stored in a system?

Yes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What conditions of force and displacement cause no work?

No work is done when: force PERPENDICULAR to displacement

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Electric potential energy

amount of energy needed to move a charge against an E-field

Units: J

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Does electric potential energy depend on the path taken when moving from A to B?

No, PE is independent of path taken

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Electric potential difference

diff in potential energy/unit charge between two locations in an E-field

units: V (J/C)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does electric potential difference depend and not depend on?

Does not depend on: test charge (q)

Depends on: charges that create the field

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How can electric field be defined in terms of electric potential difference?

E-field: the rate that electric potential decreases over distance in that direction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equipotential line

Line along which the electric potential is constant
Isolines PERPENDICULAR to E-field at all points
Continuous (never end)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equipotential surface

Surface all at the SAME potential

Example: conductor in static equilib

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equation for electric potential energy (PE)

PE = q∆V

Equation for electric potential difference (V)

V = W/q

V = Ed

Equation for kinetic energy (E_k)

E_k = ½ mv²

Equation for gravity force and

F_g = m g

g = 10N/kg

Equation for Gravitational Potential energy

E_g = m g h

g = 10N/kg

What plate has a higher potential negative or positive?

+ plate has higher potential

Where will charged objects naturally move to in an electric field?

+q: move from high → low potential –q: move from low → high potential

Where will charged objects naturally move to in an electric field?

+q: move from high → low potential –q: move from low → high potential

Capacitance

ratio of the electric charge on each conductor (Q) to the potential difference (V) between them

A higher capicatance (C) means that a conductor can hold more or less charge at 1V?

higher C = can hold many Coulombs of charge at 1V

Equation for CAPACITANCE

q = CV

Equation: amount of energy stored in a capacitor

E_cap = (½)CV²

What is a CAPACITOR?

device use to store electric charge & consists of 2 conducting objects (plates/sheets)

Equation: CAPACITANCE for a parallel plate capacitor

A = area of either plate ε₀ = 8.85 x 10^-12 (C²/Nm²)

What does 1 Fardad (F) =

1 F = 1C/V

Equation: electric potential (V) of a single point charge

The potential around + charges is always +/–? What about around – charges?

Potential around + charges = + potential around – charges = –

How can you add voltages?

Voltages add arithmetically (superpositon) V_A = V_AB + V_AC …

Can voltages be negative?

Yes! Because we choose an arbitrary 0

What is the coulomb's constant: k =

k = 9 x 10⁹ (Nm²/C²)

Charge of one electron/proton

1.6 x 10^-19 (C)

Mass of 1 proton

k = 1.67 x 10^-27 kg

Mass of 1 electron

9.11 x 10^-31 kg

_Unit conversions_ 1 N =

_Unit conversions_ 1 J =

_Unit conversions_ 1 V =

_Unit conversions_ How to go from N/C to V/m?

1 electron volt (eV) =

1 eV = 1.6 x 10^-19 J