Chapter 16: Working with macOS and Linux

Question 1

____ backups, sometimes referred to as shadow copies, are partial or full backups that are kept at the computer center for immediate recovery purposes, and are frequently the most recent backups that have been made.

Answer 1

Working copy

Question 2

Many filesystems used on servers are a ____, a filesystem that includes a log file of all changes and transactions that have occurred within a set period of time.

Answer 2

JFS or Journaled File System

Question 3

The most common three files for macOS applications are:

Answer 3

1 .app
2 .dmg (disk imaging file)
3 .pkg (automated package installer)

Question 4

In the macOS, ____ is a feature that can be used to make backups of various types (incremental, full, and so forth). In order to use it to back up your data, you will need an external storage device.

Answer 4

Time Machine

Question 5

Apple’s ____ is an easy way to see what is open and switch between applications.

Answer 5

Mission Control

Question 6

____ is a password management system from Apples and allows you to store passwords for websites, mail servers, WiFi, and so forth.

Answer 6

Keychain Access

Question 7

The search feature within macOS is ____, and it can search for documents, images, apps, and so on.

Answer 7

Spotlight

Question 8

The ____ is to macOS as File Explorer is to Windows. It lets you browse through folders and find files, disks, apps, and so on.

Answer 8

Finder

Question 9

In Linux, the ____ file contains a list of the usernames and their respective attributes, such as User ID (UID), Group ID (GID), User ID info, home directory, and shell.

Answer 9

/etc/passwd

Question 10

In Linux, the ____ file contains a hashed version of the user’s password.

Answer 10

/etc/shadow

Question 11

If a command is too long to fit on a single line in a Linux terminal, you can press the ____ key followed by Enter. Then continue typing the command on the next line.

Answer 11

backslash ()

Question 12

You can concatenate (that is, string together) several shorter commands on a single line in a Linux terminal by separating the commands with ____.

Answer 12

semicolons (;)

cd; ls -l; pwd

Question 13

In a Linux terminal, the vertical bar (|) is known as a ____ because it acts as a conduit between two programs–the output of the first command is fed into the input of the second command.

Answer 13

pipe

ls /dev | grep sdb