Chapter 16: Working with macOS and Linux Flashcards
____ backups, sometimes referred to as shadow copies, are partial or full backups that are kept at the computer center for immediate recovery purposes, and are frequently the most recent backups that have been made.
Working copy
Many filesystems used on servers are a ____, a filesystem that includes a log file of all changes and transactions that have occurred within a set period of time.
JFS or Journaled File System
The most common three files for macOS applications are:
1 .app
2 .dmg (disk imaging file)
3 .pkg (automated package installer)
In the macOS, ____ is a feature that can be used to make backups of various types (incremental, full, and so forth). In order to use it to back up your data, you will need an external storage device.
Time Machine
Apple’s ____ is an easy way to see what is open and switch between applications.
Mission Control
____ is a password management system from Apples and allows you to store passwords for websites, mail servers, WiFi, and so forth.
Keychain Access
The search feature within macOS is ____, and it can search for documents, images, apps, and so on.
Spotlight
The ____ is to macOS as File Explorer is to Windows. It lets you browse through folders and find files, disks, apps, and so on.
Finder
In Linux, the ____ file contains a list of the usernames and their respective attributes, such as User ID (UID), Group ID (GID), User ID info, home directory, and shell.
/etc/passwd
In Linux, the ____ file contains a hashed version of the user’s password.
/etc/shadow
If a command is too long to fit on a single line in a Linux terminal, you can press the ____ key followed by Enter. Then continue typing the command on the next line.
backslash ()
You can concatenate (that is, string together) several shorter commands on a single line in a Linux terminal by separating the commands with ____.
semicolons (;)
cd; ls -l; pwd
In a Linux terminal, the vertical bar (|) is known as a ____ because it acts as a conduit between two programs–the output of the first command is fed into the input of the second command.
pipe
ls /dev | grep sdb