chapter 16 vocabulary

Question 1

pilgrims

Answer 1

a group of English Seperatists that left for the new world in 1620

Question 2

mayflower compact

Answer 2

a temporary agreement establishing civil authority for the plymouth colony

Question 3

george III

Answer 3

king of great britain during the american revolution

Question 4

declaration of independence

Answer 4

document whereby the american colonies declared their independence from britain

Question 5

george washington

Answer 5

first president of the united states, general during the american revolution

Question 6

treaty of paris

Answer 6

treaty ending the war for independence between the united states and britain

Question 7

federalism

Answer 7

delegating specified powers to the national government and reserving all other powers for the state governments

Question 8

popular sovereignty

Answer 8

government based upon the consent of the governed

Question 9

bill of rights

Answer 9

the first ten amendments of the united states constitution that defined liberties and placed restraints on governmental interference

Question 10

old regime

Answer 10

political and social order in france before the french revolution

Question 11

first estate

Answer 11

clergy of the roman catholic church; aspect of french society

Question 12

second estate

Answer 12

nobility; aspect of french society

Question 13

third estate

Answer 13

largest estate in france comprising all who were not clergy or nobility

Question 14

louis xvi

Answer 14

king of france;

Question 15

cahiers

Answer 15

lists of grievances

Question 16

tennis court oath

Answer 16

oath of the third estate declaring that they would not disband until a written constitution was established

Question 17

declaration of the rights of man

Answer 17

french revolution document that outlined what the national assembly considered to be the natural rights of all people and the rights that they possessed as citizens

Question 18

civil constitution of the clergy

Answer 18

placed the french church under state control, provided for the election of all the clergy by the people, and required the clergy to take an oath of loyalty to the state

Question 19

jacobins

Answer 19

french revolutionaries who advocated the most radical changes; appealed to the sans-culottes

Question 20

brunswick manifesto

Answer 20

declaration of the duke of brunswick calling upon the french people to rally behind their king and to protect him from the leaders of the revolution

Question 21

committee of public safety

Answer 21

twelve man committee headed by robespierre who managed the everyday affairs of the french revolutionary government

Question 22

levée en masse

Answer 22

a nation calling upon all its citizens to take an active part in the war effort; first employed during the french revolution

Question 23

coalition

Answer 23

A temporary alliance of Nations

Question 24

directory

Answer 24

French revolutionary government after the national convention; two chamber Legislature; five directors; overthrown by Napoleon

Question 25

coup d’état

Answer 25

A sudden and illegal seizure of power by force

Question 26

code napoleon

Answer 26

napoleons codification of French laws

Question 27

Continental system

Answer 27

attempt by Napoleon to blockade British trade by closing Europe’s ports to British ships

Question 28

guerrillas

Answer 28

“little wars”; small bands of troops that attack a superior force

Question 29

scorched earth policy

Answer 29

Burning everything that might be of value to the enemy

Question 30

duke of wellington

Answer 30

british duke,

Question 31

lord nelson

Answer 31

commander of british fleet,

Question 32

napoleon bonaparte

Answer 32

france ruler, “the napoleonic era”

Question 33

maximilien de robespierre, george jacques danton, jean paul marat

Answer 33

leader of jacobins