Chapter 16 vocab.

Question 1

Living things that produce food for themselves and other organisms.

Answer 1

Producers

Question 2

Organisms that depend on other living things for food.

Answer 2

Consumer

Question 3

Heterotrophs that consume producers such as plants or algae.

Answer 3

Herbivores

Question 4

Heterotrophs that consume animals.

Answer 4

Carnivores

Question 5

Heterotrophs that consume both plants and animals.

Answer 5

Omnivores

Question 6

Heterotrophs that break down the wastes of other organisms or the remains of dead organisms.

Answer 6

Decomposers

Question 7

Decomposers that consume that soft tissues on dead animals.

Answer 7

Scavengers

Question 8

Decomposers that consume dead leaves, animal feces and other debris that collects on the ground or bottom of body of water.

Answer 8

Detritivores

Question 9

Decomposers that feed on any remaining organic matter that is left after other decomposers do their work.

Answer 9

Saprotrophs

Question 10

A diagram that represents a single pathway through which energy flows through an ecosystem.

Answer 10

Food chain

Question 11

A diagram that represents many pathways through which energy flows through an ecosystem.

Answer 11

Food web

Question 12

A feeding position in a food chain or web.

Answer 12

Trophic level.

Question 13

Use energy in sunlight to make organic compounds by photosynthesis.

Answer 13

Photoautotroph

Question 14

Chemical elements and water that are needed by living things pass back and forth through a biotic and biotic components of ecosystems.

Answer 14

Biogeochemical cycle

Question 15

This includes carbon in sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels under the ground, ocean, the atmosphere, and living things.

Answer 15

Carbon cycle

Question 16

The process in which water vapor changes to tiny droplets of liquid water.

Answer 16

Condensation

Question 17

Takes place when water on Earth’s surface change directly to water vapor without first melting to form liquid water.

Answer 17

Evaporation

Question 18

Takes place when snow and ice on Earth’s surface change directly to water vapor without first melting to form liquid water.

Answer 18

Sublimation

Question 19

Takes place when plants release water vapor through pores in their leaves called stomata.

Answer 19

Transpiration

Question 20

Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere.

Answer 20

Precipitation

Question 21

Can be a form fog or dew.

Answer 21

Condensation

Question 22

Precipitation that falls on land may flow over the surface of the ground.

Answer 22

Runoff

Question 23

Precipitation that falls on land soaks into the ground is called what?

Answer 23

Groundwater

Question 24

Also known as a global cycle that takes place on above and below Earths’s surface.

Answer 24

Water cycle

Question 25

Nitrogen flows back and forth between the atmosphere and living things.

Answer 25

Nitrogen cycle

Question 26

Ecological succession that always ends at a stable state.

Answer 26

Climax community

Question 27

The process in which the numbers and types of species in an eco stem change over time.

Answer 27

Ecological succession

Question 28

The first few species to colonize a disturbed area.

Answer 28

Poineer species

Question 29

Occurs in an area that had never before been colonized by living things.

Answer 29

Primary succession

Question 30

Occurs in a format rly inhabited area that was disturbed.

Answer 30

Secondary succession