Chapter 16 Vocab

Question 0

Solubility

Answer 0

The amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specified temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution

Question 1

Saturated solution

Answer 1

Contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent at a constant temperature and pressure

Question 2

Unsaturated solution

Answer 2

A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure

Question 3

Miscible

Answer 3

Two liquids are this if they dissolve in each other in all proportions

Question 4

Immiscible

Answer 4

Liquids that are insoluble in one another

Question 5

Supersaturated solution

Answer 5

Contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature

Question 6

Henry’s law

Answer 6

States that at any given temperature, the solubility(S) of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure(P) of the gas above the liquid

S1/P1=S2/P2

Question 7

Concentration

Answer 7

A measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent

Question 8

Dilute solution

Answer 8

Solution that contains a small amount of solute

Question 9

Concentrated solution

Answer 9

Solution that contains a large amount of solute

Question 10

Molarity (M)

Answer 10

The number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution

Question 11

Colligative property

Answer 11

A property that depends only upon the number of solute particles, and not upon their identity

Question 12

Freezing-point depression

Answer 12

The difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent

Question 13

Boiling-point elevation

Answer 13

The difference in temperature between the boiling point of a solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent

Question 14

Molality (m)

Answer 14

The number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kilogram (1000g) of solvent

Question 15

Mole fraction (of a solute in a solution)

Answer 15

The ratio of the moles of that solute to the total number of moles of the solvent and solute

XA=nA/nA+nB. XB=nB/nA+nB

Question 16

Molal freezing-point depression constant

Answer 16

The constant which is equal to the change in freezing point for 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile molecular solute

Question 17

Molal boiling-point elevation constant

Answer 17

The constant which is equal to the change in boiling point for a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile molecular solute