Chapter 16 - The Aeroplane Engine Flashcards
Which type of engine cylinder configuration was typically used in world war II aircraft?
Radial
Which type of engine cylinder configuration is typically used in light aircarft?
Horizontally opposed
What are the five main engine cylinder configurations?
Radial In-line upright In-line inverted Horizontally opposed Vee
What does the Big-end Bearing of a Piston attach onto?
The Main Journals of the Crankshaft
What is the Connecting Rod?
A metal rod connecting the Big-end Bearing to the Piston Head
What is the function of the Piston Compression Rings?
To provide a better seal of the combustion chamber to increase combustion efficiency
What is the function of the Gudgeon Pin?
To connect the Piston Head to the Connecting Rod
What is the name of the very top of the Piston?
The Piston Crown
What is the function of the Oil Scraper Ring?
To ´clean´the inner cylinder walls of used oil
What is the function of the crankshaft?
To convert recipricating (linear) motion into rotary motion
What is the function of the Crank Pins?
To connect the Big-end Bearing to the Main Journals
What is the function of the inlet valve of a cylinder?
To let the fuel/air mixture into the cylinder
What is the function of the exhaust valve of a cylinder?
To allow the exhuast gases to escape upon completion of the combustion process
What do spark plugs do?
They ignite the fuel/air mixture
What are the names of the four strokes of the four-stroke piston engine cycle?
Intake/induction, compression, power/expansion, exhaust
In the INTAKE/INDUCTION stroke of a four-stroke piston engine cycle, does the piton move towards the crankshaft or towards the valves?
Towards the crankshaft
In the COMPRESSION stroke of a four-stroke piston engine cycle, does the piton move towards the crankshaft or towards the valves?
Towards the valves
In the POWER/EXPANSION stroke of a four-stroke piston engine cycle, does the piton move towards the crankshaft or towards the valves?
Towards the crankshaft
In the EXHAUST stroke of a four-stroke piston engine cycle, does the piton move towards the crankshaft or towards the valves?
Towards the valves
What is the state of the valves during the INTAKE/INDUCTION phase?
Intake valve: Open
Exhaust valve: Closed
What is the state of the valves during the COMPRESSION phase?
Intake valve: Closed
Exhaust valve: Closed
What is the state of the valves during the POWER/EXPANSION phase?
Intake valve: Closed
Exhaust valve: Closed
What is the state of the valves during the EXHAUST phase?
Intake valve: Closed
Exhaust valve: Open
What is the formula for Compression Ratio?
Compression Ratio = Total Volume / Clearance Volume
What is a magneto?
A self contained, engine driven unit supplying high tension electrical currents to the spark plugs
Briefly describe the electrical starter system of a typical light aircraft
Turning a key demands energy from the aircarft´s battery which moves a solenoid-operated switch to complete the electrical circuit, exciting the Stator Motor
What are the two functions of impulse coupling?
To accelerate the magnetos
To retard the ignition-timing effectively at low RPMs
What are the characteristics of Carbon Monoxide?
Colourless
Odourless
