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Astronomy > Chapter 16 Part A ( up to 413)(Karly's 15) > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Part A ( up to 413)(Karly's 15) Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Galaxies

A

Irregular, Spiral, Elliptical

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2
Q

of the three galaxies these are redder

A

Elliptical

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3
Q

contain more cool gas and dust and interspersed with hot ionized gas

A

Spiral

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4
Q

What causes the different colours of galaxies

A

Types of stars

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5
Q

Why do Spiral and Elliptical galaxies appear white

A

have all kinds of stars

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6
Q

A dwarf galaxy has less than

A

less than a billion stars

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7
Q

A giant galaxy has more than

A

a trillion stars

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8
Q

Why is the halo of a spiral galaxy hard to see

A

because halo stars are dim and spread over a large volume of space

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9
Q

Example of a spiral galaxy

A

Milky way

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10
Q

Disk stars include stars of ..

A

all ages and masses

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11
Q

Halo stars are

A

old and low in mass

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12
Q

Galaxy disks always contain_________medium but the proportions of _______,atomic and _____________gas differ from galaxy to galaxy

A

Galaxy disks always containINTERSTELLAR medium but the proportions of MOLECULAR ,atomic and IONIZED gas differ from galaxy to galaxy

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13
Q

The halo component of the spiral galaxy includes

A

the halo and central bulge

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14
Q

Major difference between elliptical and spiral galaxy

A

elliptical do not have a disk

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15
Q

Do Elliptical Galaxies have a lot of cool gas?

A

nope - that is usually in disks where stars are a forming

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16
Q

Most common type of Galaxies in the universe

A

dwarf spheroidal galaxies

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17
Q

classification for larger magellanic clouds or galaxies which appear to be in dissarray

A

irregular galaxies

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18
Q

irregular galaxies are most common…This tells us they were more common when..

A

among distant galaxies and as such were more common when the universe was younger

19
Q

Elliptical Galaxies are noted with an E and a corresponding number. The larger the number, the…
An E0 galaxy is a-

A
  • the flatter the elliptical galaxy

- sphere

20
Q

SB denotes what kind of Galaxy

A

Spherical- barred galaxy

21
Q

Sa denotes a….

SBc denotes a…

A

Spherical galaxy with a large bulge …lol

Spherical barred galaxy with a smaller bulge than the Sa. llololollol

22
Q

Spiral Galaxies tend to congregate in small…

A

groups of a few dozen

23
Q

Elliptical Galaxies tend to be found in …..which may contain

A

clusters which may contain 100’s of thousands of galaxies

24
Q

Why do galaxies differ?

A

Spin, Density, Collisions

25
Q

Why would spin alter the shape of a galaxy?

A

amount of angular momentum of a protogalactic cloud could determine size of resulting disk

26
Q

Why would Density of the protogalactic cloud impact shape of galaxy?

A

Elliptical galaxies could come from
dense protogalactic clouds that were able to
cool and form stars before gas settled into a
disk.

27
Q

What may explain why elliptical galaxy’s are found in large clusters?

A

evidence of a supercomputer’s representation of two spiral galaxies colliding and formatting an elliptical galaxy

28
Q

Hubble’s constant tells

us age of universe because

A

it relates velocities and distances of all galaxies

29
Q

The cosmological horizon or maximum look back time is

A

14 billion years

30
Q
  1. If the center of a
    galaxy is unusually bright
    (~100-1000 LMWG) we call it an…
    2.The most luminous are called…
A

-active galactic
nucleus (AGN).

-Quasars are the
most luminous
examples of
AGNs!

31
Q

Parallax is the _______ ________ in a star’s position as __________ orbits _ _______. Measuring distance using Parallax requires knowing the ….

A

Parallax is the APPARENT SHIFT in a star’s position as EARTH orbits THE SUN.Measuring distance using Parallax requires knowing the .PRECISE SUN-EARTH DISTANCE OR AU.

32
Q

Speed of radio waves

A

speed of light

33
Q

We can determine distance by measuring….and applying the inverse square law for light

A

We can measure distance by measuring the APPARENT BRIGHTNESS OF AN OBJECT WHOSE LUMINOSITY WE ALREADY KNOW and applying the inverse square law for light

34
Q

Our sun is a main-sequence star with a spectral type of

A

G2

35
Q

a standard candle is a

A

light source of a known luminosity

36
Q

The more certain we are of about a objects true luminosity, the more certain we are of

A

its distance

37
Q

Main sequence fitting is one of the most important techniques for measuring distance. It relies on..

A

comparisons of main sequence stars on the HR Diagram that we already know the distance of, to clusters we dont

38
Q

The most useful standard candles are ______ _______ ________because we can determine a Cepheid ‘s luminosity from the …

A

Cepheid Variable Stars because we can determine a Cepheid ‘s luminosity from the period between its peaks of brightness

39
Q

White dwarf supernovae are useful for measuring___________ distances because they are __________and all have the same ______ _________.

A

White dwarf supernovae are useful for measuring LARGE distances because they are BRIGHT and all have the same PEAK LUMINOSITY.

40
Q

When Hubble proved the Andromeda Galaxy WAS NOT inside the Milky way (using _______ _______) he proved that the Milky way was…

A

When Hubble proved the Andromeda Galaxy WAS NOT inside the Milky way (using CEPHEID VARIABLES) he proved that the Milky way was…merely one of many galaxies

41
Q

A galaxy’s red shift tells us…

A

how fast it is moving away from us

42
Q

The relationship between __________ and __________ tells us the universe is expanding

A

The relationship between REDSHIFT and DISTANCE tells us the universe is expanding

43
Q

CHAPTER 15 IS

A

HELLA LONG… : ( I’MA MAKE IT TWO SECTIONS

Astronomy (4 decks)

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