Chapter 16: Civil Rights ACTUAL Flashcards
Guarantees of equal treatment by govt
Civil rights
Portion of amendment 14 that says states cannot make laws that interfere with rights granted by govt
Privileges/immunities clause
Prohibits deprivation of rights without due process of law, amendment 14
due process clause
14th amendment section, provides for equal treatment in USA for residents in each state
equal protection clause
Term for legally sanctioned racial segregation practices
Jim Crow
Tax used as condition of voting to discriminate against black people
Poll tax
Allowed whites who failed literacy test to vote if ancestors had voted before 1867 (african americans couldn’t vote before 1870)
grandfather clause
Test to prevent blacks from voting
Literacy test
Primary elections open only to whites in the south
White primaries
Rendered privileges and immunities clause useless in 14th amdt.
Slaughterhouse cases (1873)
formed basis of “separate but equal”
plessy vs ferguson (1896)
Overturned plessy
Brown v Board of Education (1954)
Outlawed slavery
amdt 13
voting rights established for all races
amdt. 15
made us citizens also citizens of their states
amdt. 14
designation of a group for different or special treatment
suspect classification
assumption that actions by elected bodies or officials violate the constitution, racial
strict scrutiny
Unequal treatment based on laws
de jure discrimination
part of 1965 voting rights act forcing states that discriminated to submit changes to their election laws to the justice department for approval or revision
preclearance
banned racial discrimination in voting, allowed fed. govt to register voters, required preclearance
1965 voting rights act
unequal treatment by private individuals, groups, organizations
de facto discrimination
public and private programs favoring minorities and women as reparation for past discrimination
affirmative action
legal test in which SC will allow gender classifications in law if they are substantially related to an important govt objective
intermediate action
event after which spurred gay and lesbian rights movement
stonewall rebellion 1969
