Chapter 15A Flashcards
1) An increase in blood pressure leads to an increase in ?
1) Compensations
2) An increase in blood pressure causes what two things to happen in response?
2) Compensation of Cardiovascular system, Kidney
3) Which of the above response to an increase in blood pressure Is faster? slower?
3) Fast response- vasodilation, decrease cardiac output
Slow Response- excretion of fluid in urine , decrease in blood volume
4) In what two ways does the cardiovascular system respond to an increase in BP?
4) Vasodilation, Cardiac Output
5) How do the kidneys responds to an increase in blood pressure?
5) excretion of fluid in urine, decrease in blood volume
7) In what direction do all arteries move blood?
7) Moves away from the heart
8) Which of the following is not true of arteries?
8) -strong and elastic allows distension
- large arteries assist in the pumping of blood
- conduct blood to capillaries
- thicker then vein but without value
9) What are exchanging at the capillaries?
9) gases, nutrients and waste with cells
10) In what direction do all veins move blood?
10) return blood to the heart
11) What structure do veins possess that arteries do not, and what is their function?
11) Valves prevent back flow of blood
12) What portion of blood vessels makes up the smooth innermost layer?
12) endothelium
13) Which of the following is not a function of the endothelium of blood vessels?
13) -regulates bp, growth and diffusion
14) What are the two function of the elastic tissue of blood vessels (especially in arteries)?
14) vessel to stretch , and rebound
15) The layers of smooth muscle in blood vessels have what two opposing functions?
15)vasodilation , vasoconstriction
16) What is the main function of the fibrous tissue of the blood vessel?
16) prevents over stretching of vessels
17) What structures of the cardiovascular system may cause blood to bypass a capillary bed?
17) arteriovenous
18) What muscular structure throughout the body may contract to limit the flow of materials through them?
18)sphincters
19) What two external (surface) functions do metarterioles have?
19) Blushing, thermoregulation
20) Veins have thicker walls than do arteries T/F
20) F
21) Veins are closer to the skin than the arteries T/F
21)T
23) The increase (growth) of new blood vessel is called;
23) angiogenesis
24) Which of the following is not a factor that leads to angiogenesis?
24) - endurance training
- abnormal growth to feed cancerous tissue
- angiostatin and endostatin inhibit angiogenesis
25) What can angiostatin and endostain do to assist doctors and their patients?
25) strive cancer cells to death by reducing angiogenesis
26) What are two examples of situations where angiogenesis often does not occur quickly enough after an injury to the body
26) -failure to regrow in heart after heart attack
- failure to regrow in brain after stroke
27) The pressure that represent surges in arteries after systole is called;
27) Pulsatile pressure
28) How is blood pressure expressed?
28) systolic over diastolic
29) What is the scientific term for a blood pressure cuff?
29)sphygmomanometer
30) How is pulse pressure calculated?
30) systolic / diastolic
31) How is MAP calculated?
31) arterial pressure
32) Blood volume is a balance between what two factors
32)fluid in and taken off
33) A generalized severe circulatory failure is known as;
33)shock
34) Which of the following is not a cause of shock;
34) - reduction in cardiac output
- decrease in blood volume
- bacterial toxin in blood
- sever immune reaction
35) A decrease in blood volume can lead to what type of shock?
35) hypovolemic shock
36) A reduction in cardiac output can lead to what type of shock?
36) cardiogenic shock
37) High levels of bacterial toxins in the blood can lead to what type of shock?
37) Septic Shock
38) Septic shock is also known as:
38) Toxemia
39) Anaphylactic shock is caused by a;
39) severe immune reaction
40) Which of the following is not diagnosis;
40) -low blood pressure
- pale , cool skin , lack of responsiveness
41) What feedback mechanism can lead to the death of a person in shock?
41)positive feedback
42) Which of the following is not a treatment for shock;
42) oxygen, fluids , norepinephrine
