Chapter 15A

Question 1

1) An increase in blood pressure leads to an increase in ?

Answer 1

1) Compensations

Question 2

2) An increase in blood pressure causes what two things to happen in response?

Answer 2

2) Compensation of Cardiovascular system, Kidney

Question 3

3) Which of the above response to an increase in blood pressure Is faster? slower?

Answer 3

3) Fast response- vasodilation, decrease cardiac output

Slow Response- excretion of fluid in urine , decrease in blood volume

Question 4

4) In what two ways does the cardiovascular system respond to an increase in BP?

Answer 4

4) Vasodilation, Cardiac Output

Question 5

5) How do the kidneys responds to an increase in blood pressure?

Answer 5

5) excretion of fluid in urine, decrease in blood volume

Question 6

7) In what direction do all arteries move blood?

Answer 6

7) Moves away from the heart

Question 7

8) Which of the following is not true of arteries?

Answer 7

8) -strong and elastic allows distension
- large arteries assist in the pumping of blood
- conduct blood to capillaries
- thicker then vein but without value

Question 8

9) What are exchanging at the capillaries?

Answer 8

9) gases, nutrients and waste with cells

Question 9

10) In what direction do all veins move blood?

Answer 9

10) return blood to the heart

Question 10

11) What structure do veins possess that arteries do not, and what is their function?

Answer 10

11) Valves prevent back flow of blood

Question 11

12) What portion of blood vessels makes up the smooth innermost layer?

Answer 11

12) endothelium

Question 12

13) Which of the following is not a function of the endothelium of blood vessels?

Answer 12

13) -regulates bp, growth and diffusion

Question 13

14) What are the two function of the elastic tissue of blood vessels (especially in arteries)?

Answer 13

14) vessel to stretch , and rebound

Question 14

15) The layers of smooth muscle in blood vessels have what two opposing functions?

Answer 14

15)vasodilation , vasoconstriction

Question 15

16) What is the main function of the fibrous tissue of the blood vessel?

Answer 15

16) prevents over stretching of vessels

Question 16

17) What structures of the cardiovascular system may cause blood to bypass a capillary bed?

Answer 16

17) arteriovenous

Question 17

18) What muscular structure throughout the body may contract to limit the flow of materials through them?

Answer 17

18)sphincters

Question 18

19) What two external (surface) functions do metarterioles have?

Answer 18

19) Blushing, thermoregulation

Question 19

20) Veins have thicker walls than do arteries T/F

Answer 19

20) F

Question 20

21) Veins are closer to the skin than the arteries T/F

Answer 20

21)T

Question 21

23) The increase (growth) of new blood vessel is called;

Answer 21

23) angiogenesis

Question 22

24) Which of the following is not a factor that leads to angiogenesis?

Answer 22

24) - endurance training
- abnormal growth to feed cancerous tissue
- angiostatin and endostatin inhibit angiogenesis

Question 23

25) What can angiostatin and endostain do to assist doctors and their patients?

Answer 23

25) strive cancer cells to death by reducing angiogenesis

Question 24

26) What are two examples of situations where angiogenesis often does not occur quickly enough after an injury to the body

Answer 24

26) -failure to regrow in heart after heart attack

- failure to regrow in brain after stroke

Question 25

27) The pressure that represent surges in arteries after systole is called;

Answer 25

27) Pulsatile pressure

Question 26

28) How is blood pressure expressed?

Answer 26

28) systolic over diastolic

Question 27

29) What is the scientific term for a blood pressure cuff?

Answer 27

29)sphygmomanometer

Question 28

30) How is pulse pressure calculated?

Answer 28

30) systolic / diastolic

Question 29

31) How is MAP calculated?

Answer 29

31) arterial pressure

Question 30

32) Blood volume is a balance between what two factors

Answer 30

32)fluid in and taken off

Question 31

33) A generalized severe circulatory failure is known as;

Answer 31

33)shock

Question 32

34) Which of the following is not a cause of shock;

Answer 32

34) - reduction in cardiac output
- decrease in blood volume
- bacterial toxin in blood
- sever immune reaction

Question 33

35) A decrease in blood volume can lead to what type of shock?

Answer 33

35) hypovolemic shock

Question 34

36) A reduction in cardiac output can lead to what type of shock?

Answer 34

36) cardiogenic shock

Question 35

37) High levels of bacterial toxins in the blood can lead to what type of shock?

Answer 35

37) Septic Shock

Question 36

38) Septic shock is also known as:

Answer 36

38) Toxemia

Question 37

39) Anaphylactic shock is caused by a;

Answer 37

39) severe immune reaction

Question 38

40) Which of the following is not diagnosis;

Answer 38

40) -low blood pressure

- pale , cool skin , lack of responsiveness

Question 39

41) What feedback mechanism can lead to the death of a person in shock?

Answer 39

41)positive feedback

Question 40

42) Which of the following is not a treatment for shock;

Answer 40

42) oxygen, fluids , norepinephrine