Chapter 15 - Transport Sytems in Organisms Flashcards
What is the transport system in humans made up of?
Heart, blood, blood vessels
Blood is made up of 3 different substances. What are these substances?
Red blood cells, plasma, white blood cells and platelets
What is the function of the red blood cell?
Transports oxygen to different parts of the body
What is the function of the plasma?
Transports water & dissolved substances such as digested food, mineral salts & waste products to different parts of the body.
What are the functions of the other components of blood? (white blood cells & platelets)
It serves a protective function
What are the 3 main types of blood vessels?
Artery, vein & capillaries
What is the function of the artery?
Carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart and blood rich in digested food which is absorbed from the small intestine
What is the function of the vein?
Carries oxygen-poor blood towards the heart
What is the function of the capillaries
Acts as the site of exchange of substances
(e.g. digested food, gases, waste substances)
(has very thin walls)
How does blood flow through the kidney, heart and lungs?
Kidney to (deoxygenated blood) heart to (deoxygenated blood) lungs to (oxygenated blood) heart to (oxygenated blood) kidney
What is the plant transport system made of?
2 types of tissues, xylem and phloem
What is the function of the xylem?
Transports water & mineral salts from the roots to all parts of the plant
In an upward direction
What is the function of the phloem?
Transports sugar from the leaves to all parts of the plants.
In both an upward and downward direction.
Define diffusion.
The net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Define osmosis
A process where molecules of a solvent pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.
What is an organ transplant?
A medical procedure carried out to replace a damaged organ.
Consideration of organ transplant: Respect for persons
Is the donor able to make their decision willingly?
Has the donor given full information about organ donation to make their decision?
Consideration of organ transplant: Justice
What criteria is used to ensure fairness in the allocation of organs?
Consideration of organ transplant: Minimal harm & maximised benefits
To what extent will the patient’s quality of life be improved?
Will it increase the chances of the patient’s survival?
Any alternative treatments available to the patient waiting for an organ transplant
Should age be considered when allocating an available organ to a potential recipient, why’s this so?
