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BA 342 Exam 2 > Chapter 15: Sustainability and the Natural Environment > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Sustainability and the Natural Environment Flashcards

Guided Notes

1
Q

EAP

A

Excellent Performance
Academic Integrity
Professional Behavior

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2
Q

Penn State’s Strategic Sustainability Plan (Triple L)

A

Learn (Teach Curriculum)
Live (Packet Project)
Lead (Center for Education Wider)

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3
Q

Saying under PSU Strategic Sustainability Plan (X equals Y)

A

Good Stewardship = Good Business

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4
Q

Penn State Strategic Plan & Presidential Campaign Themes

A

Ensuring a Sustainable Future

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5
Q

Sustainability Example

A

Jim Gowan: bought yahoo, Verizon Corporate Sustainability Officer (CSO) 2019, Billion Dollar Green Bond, 50% renewable energy)

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6
Q

Responsibility

A

The ability or authority to act or decide on one’s own without supervision

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7
Q

Quote associated with responsibility

A

“Can you do the right thing?”

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8
Q

Corporate Example

A

Unilever (zero waste operations), driving this through their supply chain

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9
Q

Linear Approach to Sustainability

A

Take - Make - Waste (Design, Raw Materials, Production, Use, Disposal)

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10
Q

Examples of Linear Approaches

A

Waste to Tile (ceramic waste)

Nestle Nespresso Aluminum Pods

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11
Q

Circular Approach to Sustainability

A

Make - Use - Return (Raw Materials, Design, Production remanufacturing, Distribution, Consumption (use, reuse, repair), Collection, Residual Waste/Recycling)

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12
Q

Examples of Circular Approaches

A

Caterpillar and Xerox (loans machines out)

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13
Q

Circular Economy is

A

growing in importance to organizations

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14
Q

Three P’s of the Triple Bottom Line and their alternative terms (EES, ESG, FNS- capital)

A

Profit (Economic) (Financial)
Planet (Environment) (Natural)
People (Social)

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15
Q

From KPMG survey what is the big umbrella term that companies use

A

Majority use the term sustainability, 25% use CSR - banks, financial institutions use this, 25% use other terms

(compliance program, human right)

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16
Q

Sustainable Development Classic Defintion (Bruntland)

A

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Not to reduce value of what you’re doing in life but to do it responsibly)

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17
Q

Example Used for Triple Bottom Line

A

Kennametal

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18
Q

Kennametal and Lighting TBL (change lighting to increase metrics) these are benefits

A

People: safety better, productivity inc., morale inc., lower cost due to injuries, cleaner

Profit: cost savings, productivity inc., customer visits, morale up, better employee interaction, public relations, maintenance cost less

Planet: decrease energy needed, less waste, decrease CO2

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19
Q

Sustainability Points of View that Polarize

A

Earth Video: natural environment is great, key: shelter environment

Avatar Video: destruction of nature by corporation, key: use up environment to make money

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20
Q

A stronger point of view on sustainability (where most global directors are)

A

Stewardship Model: the responsible management of resources

Can you do the right thing?

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21
Q

Smeal defines business sustainability as:

A

The way companies manage financial, social, and environmental risks and opportunities to ensure resiliency over time. Markets, communities, and businesses that thrive because they are intimately connected to healthy economic, social and environmental systems.

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22
Q

Big three issues that drive sustainability (Driver’s)

A

Population Growth
Intensity of Resource Usage Rate
Climate Change

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23
Q

The Big three issues that drive sustainability are filtered through what three lenses

A

Scientific
Political
Economic

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24
Q

Population through the three lenses

A

Scientific: can measure population
Political: slow the rate of the population through limiting children, birth control etc.
Economic: every person is an economic event

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25
Q

Population Bottom line for Smeal Students

A

Providing Goods and Services for 9 billion people by 2043

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26
Q

Example used for Intensity of Resource Usage

A

Modern Conveniences (ex. phones, ovens, spotify, rideshare, cars, gps)

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27
Q

Basket of Goods

A

What we should all have, level of resources we all expect, need revenue source and cost to business and society to get resources

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28
Q

Number of Earth’sneeded for world population to live equal to US lifestyle

A

5 Earths (shows intensity of resource usage and ecological footprint)

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29
Q

Result of 5 Earths

A

Reduction: innovation and conservation

Small population: high level of resource usage

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30
Q

Result from the emerging middle class

A

demand for resources goes up because the number of people that are moving into the class consuming a normal basket of goods is increasing.

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31
Q

Tragedy/Freedom of the Commons refers to

A

Resource issue when society has developed (air, water, land is the commons we share)

Example: cows, Schuylkill expressway: as you build a new road also need exits and gas stations etc.

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32
Q

Innovation example concerning intensity of resource usage

A

McKinsey Resource Revolution (commodity price slowed economy, driven by industrial and information technology, make things virtual)

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33
Q

Intensity Bottom Line for Smeal Students

A

Developing populations do and will increase the demand for resources. How can business assist in supplying greater utility with less resources.

34
Q

Two things to change the intensity equation

A

Conservation and Innovation

35
Q

Weather vs Climate

A

Weather: Whatever is locally going on in your town today and now

Climate: global data showing for overall planet for future

36
Q

United Nations Global Issues Overview

A 
Climate Framing (scientific, political, economic)
Observing what we're doing now and predicting what will happen in the future.
37
Q

SDG stands for

A

Sustainable Development Goals and they are a to-do list for the world/planet.

38
Q

Example that speaks to climate change

A

“Afraid of the dark” 2010

39
Q

The American Business Act on Climate Change deals with

A

reducing our carbon footprint, low carbon investments, cut emissions and renewable energy

Companies involved: Apple, Google, BOA, Golman, Microsoft, UPS, Alcoa

40
Q

GHG stands for

A

Greenhouse Gasses

41
Q

Number one GHG

A

Water Vapor

42
Q

The 6 GHG’s

A 
Water Vapor
Carbon Dioxide 
Methane
Nitrous
Ozone (O3)
Chlorofluorocarbons
43
Q

Anthropogenic (term used under GHG)

A

Human-caused through use of fossil fuels

44
Q

IPCC stands for

A

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

45
Q

PSU and Solar and GHG’s

A

Penn State is cutting greenhouse emissions through solar energy, 25% from Franklin County, 1% here at PSU

46
Q

COP21

A

Conference of the Partners (Paris Agreement on Climate change): voluntary agreement by nations

47
Q

Results from COP21

A

Limit to 2 degrees celsius, 5 year review and $100B/year invested in developing nations

48
Q

The first group politics lands on with climate framing is

A

Business people

49
Q

Value Chain Risks from climate change (3 P’s)

A

Physical: ex. drought, hurricane
Prices: ex. not enough produced due to physical so increase price
Product: ex. coal vs natural gas

50
Q

External Stakeholder Risks from climate change (3 R’s)

A

Ratings: ex. DJSI
Reputation: ex. if known for high emissions your company is not a favorite
Regulation: ex. car makers avg. fleet has to have certain amount of miles/gallon bc of climate emissions.

51
Q

Climate Change Bottom Line for Smeal Students

A

Global Governments have concluded that the world “must” address GHG emissions and climate change (UN and IPCC). Agreements to address this impacts global business leaders directly through incentives, regulation and public pressure.

52
Q

Other Business Drivers for Sustainability (2nd tier)

Know all bc Exam Question: Which in the list below is not a secondary sustainability driver.

A 
Innovation & Design
Energy
Water
Waste
Gov Regulation
GHG's (Carbon)
Public Interest
Non-Gov Impact
Operations
Facilities
Media
53
Q

Grand Hyatt

A

Example of a comprehensive approach to sustainability by a corporation - ENVIRONMENTAL initiatives

54
Q

Sustainability Examples from Grand Hyatt

A

Recycling of toiletries, reverse osmosis laundry, food thoughtfully sourced, non-profits for donations, food waste mgmt - fertilizer, paperless check-in, plant-based dining, rainforest alliance certified, seafood and wine sustainably sourced

55
Q

Sustainability Examples from Grand Hyatt

A

Recycling of toiletries, reverse osmosis laundry, food thoughtfully sourced, non-profits for donations, food waste mgmt - fertilizer, paperless check-in, plant-based dining, rainforest alliance certified, seafood and wine sustainably sourced

56
Q

SAS Campus Tour

A

Example of a comprehensive approach to sustainability by a corporation - notice all SOCIAL initiatives

57
Q

Sustainability Practical Examples

A

Geothermal Heating/Cooling: drill wells and fluid flows out and is heated by the earth.

58
Q

SKF Corporation 3 I’s

A

Innovation, Intensity, Industrial Policy (through incentives and regulation)

59
Q

SKF implemented what in their building

A

Geothermal Heating/Cooling

60
Q

IBM Structure of Typical Corporate Journey (bottom to top)

A

Legal & Compliance
Values-Based Self Regulation
Efficiency
Growth Platform (sustainability as a filter for everything they do)

61
Q

PwC Sustainability Maturity Path

A

Compliance Mode
Obligation (value protection)
Efficiency (value creation)
Leadership (increasing value)

62
Q

Compliance Mode

A

Reduce operation and compliance risk

63
Q

Obligation (Value Protection)

A

Expected to do (license to operate, reduce reputation risk)

64
Q

Efficiency (Value Creation)

A

Smart to do (operational cost and value chain savings)

65
Q

Leadership (Increasing Value)

A

Innovation and growth, new business, brand enhancement

66
Q

Sustainability Business Case (Leadership)

A

McKinsey Study: 76% CEO’s say sustainability is the key to long-term growth

67
Q

Sustainability Business Case (Operations)

A

DuPont: Past 10 years - energy projects cut costs by $2 billion, GHG’s down 75%

68
Q

MIT Study on CEO’s and BCG

A

CEO focus on sustainability:

2017: 75%
2010: 22%

69
Q

Sustainability Business Case (Customers)

A

McKinsey Study: 87% of consumers concerned about environmental impact products they buy (54% willing to pay premium for sustainability)

70
Q

Sustainability Business Case (Investors)

A

Bloomberg Study: Since 2003 SRI Markey grown 22% annually now at $26.5 trillion (15% of total)

SRI funds are outperforming Dow Jones Average

71
Q

Four components of the Business Case

A

Leadership
Operations
Customers
Investors

72
Q

Lighting and sustainability: most energy-efficient light bulb

A

LED (drop energy need by 90%)

LED, CFL, (Standard, Halogen - Incandescent)

73
Q

2007 Energy Independence and Securities Act (EISA)

A

final deadline to meet standards was 2020

74
Q

Industrial policy surrounding light bulbs

A

Regulations to limit what lightbulb can be used and we react to that policy (emissions reduction comparable to 25 coal plants)

75
Q

Lightbulbs and Stakeholders (Individuals)

A

Decrease choice, cost savings, resistance to change, recycling, replacement, disposal

76
Q

Lightbulbs and Stakeholders (Companies)

A

Business model changes, regulations, saving, vendor issues, maintenance decrease, atmosphere improved, public relations, competition

77
Q

Lightbulbs and Stakeholders (Government)

A

Decrease in resource use, regulation, incentives, systematic change, politics

78
Q

Lightbulbs and Stakeholders (Environment)

A

Use less resources, less waste, disposal issues (mercury), energy savings, decrease in pollution, lower carbon

79
Q

Sustainability Standards & Reporting for Corporations

A

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)
Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI)
Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB)
Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

80
Q

Example with SASB

A

Bloomberg

81
Q

LEED stands for (US Green Building Council)

A

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (Set of standards for structure)

82
Q

Buildings that are LEED-certified

A

World Trade Center
PSU Baseball Stadium
EB at Smeal
GSK - Philly Naval Yard

BA 342 Exam 2 (6 decks)

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