Chapter 15 (Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerves)

Question 1

A lumbar puncture (LP), also called a spinal tap, is an invasive outpatient procedure used to remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the

Answer 1

subarachnoid space in the spine

Question 2

1st step of CSF production, circulation, and removal - CSF is produced in the ventricles by the __________

Answer 2

choroid plexus

Question 3

2nd step of CSF production, circulation, and removal - CSF flows from the _______ ventricles and third ventricle through the ________________ into the fourth ventricle

Answer 3

lateral ventricles, cerebral aqueduct

Question 4

3rd step of CSF production, circulation, and removal - CSF flows into the __________ space.

Answer 4

subarachnoid space

Question 5

As it travels through the _________ space, CSF removes waste products and provides buoyancy for the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 5

subarachnoid

Question 6

The 3 cranial meninges, listed from deepest (closest to the brain) to superficial (farthest from the brain and closest to the skull), are

Answer 6

pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater

Question 7

responsible for basic reflex and life functions, including breathing and heartbeat

Answer 7

medulla oblongata

Question 8

The cytoplasm within a cell body of a neuron is called the __________ which accounts for the gray color of the gray matter, as seen in brain and spinal cord areas containing collections of neuron cell bodies

Answer 8

chromatophilic substance

Question 9

The endoneurium is composed of _____________ that separates and electrically isolates each axon

Answer 9

areolar connective tissue

Question 10

The epineurium is composed of __________________, providing both support and protection to the fascicles within the layer

Answer 10

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 11

Groups of axons are wrapped into separate bundles called __________ by a cellular dense irregular connective tissue layer called the ___________. This layer supports blood vessels supplying the capillaries within the endoneurium.

Answer 11

fascicles, perineurium

Question 12

All of the fascicles are bundled together by a superficial connective tissue covering termed the ___________. This thick layer of dense irregular connective tissue encloses the entire nerve, providing both support and protection to the fascicles within the layer.

Answer 12

epineurium