Chapter 15 - Pathology

Question 1

Ewing sarcoma (!!!)

Answer 1

Malignant bone tumor, most often occurring in children

Question 2

Exostosis (!!!)

Answer 2

Bony growth on surface of bone. Associated with bunion, and osteochondroma (overgrowth of cartilage and bone)

Question 3

Osteogenic sarcoma (!!!)

Answer 3

Malignant tumor arising from osteoblast. Found mainly in children and adolescent

Question 4

Osteomalacia (!!!)

Answer 4

Softening of bone. Inadequate amount of calcium in the bone. Causes rickets.

Question 5

Osteomyelitis (!!!)

Answer 5

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow follow by infection

Question 6

Talipes

Answer 6

Congenital abnormality of hindfoot involving the talus. Club foot.

Question 7

Fracture

Answer 7

Traumatic breaking of a bone

Question 8

Simple Fracture

Answer 8

Bone is broken, but no open wound (closed) in the skin

Question 9

Compound Fracture

Answer 9

Bone is broken and bone protrudes (open) through an open wound in the skin

Question 10

Comminuted Fracture

Answer 10

Bone is splintered or crushed into several pieces

Question 11

Greenstick Fracture

Answer 11

Bone is partially broken –> breaks on one side and bends on the other side

Question 12

Arthritis

Answer 12

Inflammation of any joint

Question 13

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 13

Chronic progressive stiffening of joints, mostly spine

Question 14

Gouty arthritis (gout) (!!!)

Answer 14

Inflammation and painful swelling of joints due to excessive uric acid in body

Question 15

Osteoarthritis (OA) (!!!)

Answer 15

Degenerative joints disease with loss of articular cartilage and formation of bone spurs at articular surfaces.

Can occur in any join, but mainly in spine, hips, and knees of older people

Question 16

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) (!!!)

Answer 16

An autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints and other areas of the body

Question 17

Bunion (!!!)

Answer 17

Enlargement of bone tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe

Question 18

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

Answer 18

Compression of median nerve as it passes between ligament and bones and tendons of the wrist

Question 19

Dislocation

Answer 19

Displacement of bone from a joint

Question 20

Ganglion cyst (!!!)

Answer 20

A fluid filled cyst arising from the joint capsule or a tendon in the wrist

Question 21

Herniation of an intervertebral disk (!!!)

Answer 21

Abnormal protrusion of the disk into the neural canal or against spinal nerve; “Slip disk”

Question 22

Lyme Disease (!!!)

Answer 22

Recurrent arthritis, myalgia, malaise, and neurologic and cardiac symptoms; often marked by a “bull’s eye” rash at the site of the tick bite

Question 23

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 23

1. Chronic inflammatory disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, CNS, heart, and lungs
2. Affects collagen in tendons, ligaments, bones, and cartilage all over the body

Question 24

Muscular Dystrophy

Answer 24

Group of inherited diseases with progressive muscle weakness and degeneration without nervous system involvement

Question 25

Polymyositis

Answer 25

Chronic inflammatory myopathy; may be an autoimmune disorder