Chapter 15: Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Question 1

Why is ATP considered the universal currency of free energy in biological systems?

Answer 1

(page 426)

Question 2

What is phosphoryl transfer potential and why is it important?

Answer 2

(Page 430)

Question 3

What is an activated carrier and why is it useful?

Answer 3

(page 435)

Question 4

What coenzyme is derived from vitamin B12? What are the typical reaction types that this coenzyme assists with?

Answer 4

(page 438)

Question 5

Oxidation-reduction

Answer 5

electron transfer

Question 6

Ligation requiring ATP cleavage

Answer 6

Formation of covalent bonds (i.e., carbon-carbon bonds)

Question 7

Isomerization

Answer 7

Rearrangement of atoms to form isomers

Question 8

Group transfer

Answer 8

Transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another

Question 9

Hydrolytic reaction

Answer 9

Cleavage of bonds by the addition of water.

Question 10

Carbon bond cleavage by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation.

Answer 10

Two substrates yielding one product or vice versa. When H2O or CO2 are a product, a double bond is formed.

Question 11

Name 3 ways in which metabolic processes are regulated.

Answer 11

1) controlling the amounts of enzymes.
2) Controlling catalytic activity
3) Controlling the accessibility of the substrates.