chapter 15 immunity

Question 1

innate immunity

Answer 1

present at birth prior contact with infectious agents
is rapid
non-specific

Question 2

what is the first line of defense

Answer 2

1. skin
2. epidermis - outside layer/flake off
3. dermis-have dendritic cells

Question 3

what do goblet cells produce

Answer 3

they produce mucous membranes

Question 4

what is the ciliary escalator

Answer 4

traps things in mucous and stops from falling in your lungs

Question 5

what does lysozyme do

Answer 5

degrades peptidoglycan

Question 6

what do dendritic cells do

Answer 6

perform phagocytosis

Question 7

antimicrobial substances are produced by

Answer 7

salt
sebum(oil)
lysozyme
bile

Question 8

what is lacrimal apparatus?

Answer 8

produces tears

Question 9

normal microbiome

Answer 9

fills ‘vacancies ‘ in/on the body
makes the unfriendly environment for bad guys

Question 10

what are bacteriocins

Answer 10

can kill other bacteria

Question 11

hemolysins

Answer 11

poke holes in RBC to get iron

Question 12

leukocytes are what

Answer 12

white blood cells

Question 13

what is a serum

Question 14

lymphocytes

Answer 14

mostly involve in adaptive immunity

Question 15

monocytes

Question 16

esoniphills

Answer 16

they target parasites and activate allergic reactions

Question 17

neutrophils

Answer 17

target bacteria and fungi ( phagocytosis)

Question 18

basophills

Answer 18

allergies and contain histamine

Question 19

macrophages

Answer 19

number 1 phagocyte

Question 20

natural killer cells

Answer 20

target cancer cells and virally infected cells

Question 21

nets ( neutrophil extracellular traps)

Answer 21

like spiderman shoots sticky net to trap pathogens and kill them

Question 22

natural killer lymphocytes

Answer 22

they don’t kill pathogens but destroy the infected cell
tumors and infected cells

Question 23

toll-like receptors

Answer 23

are membrane protiens

Question 24

what are pamps

Answer 24

piecer of pathogens

Question 25

what are interferons

Answer 25

released by cells infected by viruses

Question 26

complement

Answer 26

activates by the c3 protein
always ends with c3 protein
causes inflammation

Question 27

acute inflammation

Answer 27

it’s beneficial because it helps it helps repair that area

Question 28

what is fever triggered by

Answer 28

pyrogens