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Dental Tissues > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

Overview of Dentitions

1
Q

Dentition

A

The natural teeth in the jaws

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2
Q

Permanent Dentition

A

(Adult teeth) Incisors (central and lateral), canines, premolars, and molars

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3
Q

The 3 Dentition Periods

A

Primary, mixed, permanent

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4
Q

Primary Dentition Period

A
  • Begins with eruption of primary mandibular
    incisors
  • Ends with eruption of first permanent tooth
  • Occurs approx. 6 months - 6 years of age
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5
Q

Mixed Dentition Period

A
  • Follows primary dentition period
  • Transitional stage where both primary and
    permanent teeth are in the mouth
  • Occurs approx. 6 years - 12 years of age
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6
Q

Permanent Dentition Period

A
  • Follows mixed dentition period
  • Only permanent teeth present in the mouth
  • Occurs approx. 12 years of age
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7
Q

Quantity of Permanent Teeth

A

32 teeth
- 8 incisors (4 central and 4 lateral)
- 4 canines
- 8 premolars
- 12 molars (4 1st molars, 4 2nd molars, and 4 3rd molars)

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8
Q

Anterior teeth

A

Front teeth (includes incisors and canines)

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9
Q

Posterior teeth

A

Back teeth (includes premolars and molars)

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10
Q

Occlusion

A

The method by which the mandibular teeth come into contact with the maxillary teeth

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11
Q

Midline

A

An imaginary vertical plane that divides the teeth into two approximately equal right and left halves

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12
Q

Quadrants

A

The dental arches are divided into 4
sections (the right and left
half of the maxillary arch, and the
right and left half of the
mandibular arch

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13
Q

Sextants

A

Dividing each arch into thirds instead of halves
gives you 6 sections, as opposed to 4

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14
Q

D-A-Q-T System

A

DAQT is a system of describing
individual teeth
* D - Dentition (Primary or Permanent)
* A - Arch (Maxillary or Mandibular)
* Q - Quadrant (Right or Left)
* T - Tooth (Central/Lateral Incisor, Canine, 1st /2nd Premolar, 1st /2nd /3rd Molar)

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15
Q

Function of Incisors

A

Cut food

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16
Q

Function of Canines

A

Piercing, tearing, ripping
Extremely strong, deeply
anchored

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17
Q

Function of Premolars

A

Breaking food up into
smaller pieces, chewing

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18
Q

Function of Molars

A

Chewing (aka mastication)
Most chewing occurs here

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19
Q

Universal Numbering System

A
  • Primary teeth are designated using consecutive letters A through T
  • Permanent teeth are designated using consecutive numbers 1 through 32
  • Begin on maxillary right, moving clockwise, ending with mandibular right
  • Each tooth has a unique letter or number assigned only to that tooth
20
Q

International Numbering System (aka
Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI)
System)

A
  • Teeth are designated a 2-number code
  • First digit indicates the quadrant a tooth is in
  • Permanent teeth have quadrants 1, 2, 3, 4
  • Primary teeth have quadrants 5, 6, 7, 8
  • Second digit indicates the tooth’s position in the quadrant
  • Permanent teeth have positions 1 through 8
  • Primary teeth have positions 1 through 5
21
Q

Palmer Notation

A
  • System used during orthodontic treatment
  • Quadrants are identified using a unique symbol (┘, └ ,┐ ,┌)
  • Numbers indicate the tooth’s position in the quadrant (1 through 8) for permanent teeth
  • Letters indicate the tooth’s position in the quadrant (A through E) for primary teeth
22
Q

Crown

A

Top part of a tooth

23
Q

Anatomic Crown

A

The part of a tooth covered by enamel

24
Q

Clinical Crown

A

The part of the crown that is visible and not covered by gingiva

25
Q

Neck

A

Constricted area between the crown and the root of a tooth

26
Q

Root

A

The part of the tooth that sits in the bony socket (alveolus), anchors the tooth

27
Q

Enamel

A

Covers the anatomic crown of the tooth, is the hardest substance in the body, and is somewhat translucent

28
Q

Cementum

A

Covers the root of the tooth, very thin, not as hard as enamel, similar hardness to bone

29
Q

Dentin

A

Lies beneath the enamel and cementum, makes up the major portion of the tooth. Much softer than
enamel.

30
Q

Pulp

A

Where the nerves and vessels that supply the tooth are housed

31
Q

Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ)

A

Where the enamel of the crown and cementum of the root meet, an external line at the neck of the tooth

32
Q

Facial

A

Tooth surface closest to the surface of the face

33
Q

Lingual

A

The facial surface of anterior teeth, near the lips

34
Q

Buccal

A

The facial surface of posterior teeth, near the cheeks

35
Q

Lingual (Palatal)

A

Tooth surface closest to the tongue

36
Q

Occlusal/Incisal

A

The chewing surface of the teeth. Incisal is anterior and Occlusal is posterior

37
Q

Mesial

A

Tooth surface closest to the midline

38
Q

Distal

A

Tooth surface furthest from the midline

39
Q

Proximal

A

The surface of a tooth that is next to an adjacent tooth

40
Q

Interproximal

A

The area between two adjacent teeth

41
Q

Contact Area

A

The area where the crowns of adjacent teeth physically contact one another

42
Q

Embrasure

A

The curvatures next to the contact areas of adjacent teeth

43
Q

Line Angle

A

A line angle is formed by the lines that are created at the junction of two surfaces

44
Q

Horizontal Thirds (Crown)

A

Incisal/Occlusal, Middle,
Cervical

45
Q

Vertical Thirds (Crown)

A

Mesial, Middle, Distal OR Buccal/Labial, Middle, Lingual

46
Q

Horizontal Thirds (Root)

A

Apical, Middle, Cervica

Dental Tissues (3 decks)

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