Chapter 14 Vocabulary Flashcards
Work
The product of distance and the force in the direction an object moves.
Power
The rate of doing work.
Horsepower
A common unit of power equal to about 746 watts.
Joule
The SI unit of work equal to 1 newton-meter.
Watt
The SI unit of power equal to one joule per second.
Machine
A device that changes a force.
Input distance
The distance through which the input force acts in a machine.
Output force
The force exerted by a machine.
Work output
The work done by a machine as the output force acts through the output distance.
Input force
The force exerted on a machine
Work input
The work done on a machine as the input force acts through the input distance.
Output distance
The distance an output force acts through in a machine.
Mechanical advantage
The number of times that a machine increases an input force.
Actual mechanical advantage
The ratio of the output force to the input force in a machine.
Ideal mechanical advantage
The mechanical advantage of a machine in the absence of friction.
Efficiency
The percentage of the work input that becomes work output in a machine.
Lever
A rigid bar that is free to move around a fixed point.
Fulcrum
The fixed point a lever rotates around
Input arm
The distance between the fulcrum in a lever and the input force.
Output arm
The distance between the fulcrum in a lever and the output force.
Wheel and axel
A simple machine that consists of two rigidly attached disks or cylinders each on e with a different radius.
Inclined plane
A slanted surface along which a force moves an object to a different elevation.
Wedge
A V-shaped object whose sides are two inclined planes sloped toward each other.
Screw
An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Pulley
A simple machine that consists of a rope that fits into a grove in a wheel.
Compound machine
A combination of two or more simple machines that operate together.
