Chapter 14 - Stress, Coping, and Health Flashcards
Acute Stressor
A stressful situation or circumstance that happens in the short term and has a definite endpoint.
Approach-Approach Conflict
A conflict that occurs when an individual has. to choose between two equally desirable options.
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
Conflict that occurs when any available choice has both desirable and undesirable qualities.
Avoidance- Avoidance Conflict
A conflict that occurs when a person must choose between two equally undesirable options.
Chronic Stressor
A stressful situation or circumstance that is more long term and often lacks a definite endpoint.
Conflict
Discomfort brought about by two or more goals or impulses perceived to be incompatible.
Coping
Efforts to manage, reduce, or tolerate stress.
Daily Hassles
Everyday annoyances that contribute to higher stress levels; also known as micro-stressors.
Distress
Stress caused by unpleasant situations or circumstances.
Emotion-Focused Coping
Coping strategy focused on changing one’s feelings about the stressor.
Eustress
The optimal level of stress needed to promote physical and psychological health.
Frustration
An emotion people experience when they are hindered in pursuit of a goal.
General Adaptation Syndrom (GAS)
A three-stage response to stress identified by Hans Selye; the stages are Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion.
Immune Sytem
The body’s system of organs, tissues, and cells that identify and destroy foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses, as well as cancer cells.
Inoculation
Exposing oneself to a relatively low level of stress in a controlled situation to improve later performance in a more stressful situation.
Life Changes
Shifts in life circumstances that require adjustment of some kind.
Lymphocytes
White blood cells that circulate through the body and destroy foreign invaders and cancer cells; important components of the immune system.
Meditation
Technique designed to turn one’s consciousness away from the outer world toward one’s inner cues and awarness.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
An anxiety disorder experienced in a response to a major traumatic event, characterized by lingering, persistent, frightening thoughts or memories of the traumatic events, along with anxiety, depression, and other systems.
Pressure
An expectation or demand for someone to act in a certain way.
Primary Appraisal
Appraisal of a stressor to determine how severe it is; the first stage in Richard Lazarus’ description of how people experience stress.
Problem-Focused Coping
Coping strategies focused on dealing directly with he stressor, such as by changing the stressor in some way.
Psychoneuralimmunology
AN area of study focused on links between stress, the immune system and health.
Secondary Appraisal
Appraisal of one’s personal resources and ability to cope with a stressor; the second stage of Richard Lazarus’ description of how people experience stress.
