Chapter 14 Sleep Flashcards

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1
Q

The case of miss m is interesting because

A

Although she slept little she appeared to be health productive and well adjusted

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2
Q

The EOG is a measure of

A

Eye movement.

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3
Q

The first night phenomenon is often experienced

A

On a volunteers first night of sleep in a laboratory

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4
Q

The 8 to 12 Hz EEG waves that are often associated with relaxed wakefulness are called

A

Alpha waves

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5
Q

The first EEG stage of a nights sleep is

A

Initial stage 1

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6
Q

Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristics of

A

Stage 2 sleep

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7
Q

Delta waves the largest EEG sleep waves occur in the stage

A

3 and 4 EEG sleep

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8
Q

The stage of sleep EEG that follows the second bout of stage 2 sleep during a normal nights sleep is

A

Emergent stage 1

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9
Q

Which does not belong with the others ? Dreaming , emergent stage 1 EEG , R.E.M. , initial stage 1 EEG , loss of core muscle tone

A

Initial stage 1 EEG

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10
Q

According to hobsons activation synthesis theory of dreaming dream content reflects

A

Random brain stem activity and the cortexs inherent tendency to try to make sense of these signals

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11
Q

Dreaming appears to occur most commonly during

A

REM sleep

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12
Q

Which of the following animals spend about 14 hours per day sleeping

A

Cats

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13
Q

According to the text , which theory of sleep does the best job of explaining why there are such large differences in the amount of time that the members of various mammalian species spend sleeping

A

Circadian theory

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14
Q

The large between species differences in sleep time suggest that sleep

A

Is not necessarily needed in large quantities

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15
Q

In the entire week after being totally deprived of sleep for 11 days randy Gardner slept a total of about ____ hours more than usual

A

6

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16
Q

Which of the following is most likely to occur after the loss of a small amount of sleep

A

Disturbances of vigilance

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17
Q

Micro sleeps are usually about ___ long

A

3 seconds

18
Q

During microsleep people

A

Become less responsive to external stimuli and display a sleep EEG

19
Q

The carousel apparatus has been used to study sleep deprivation in

A

Rats

20
Q

The main advantage of the carousel apparatus is that

A

The yoked control procedure is an integral part of it

21
Q

The effects of the carousel apparatus are difficult to interpret because

A

In addition of producing sleep deprivation it produces confounding stress

22
Q

After an entire week of R.E.M. Sleep deprivation about how many times in one night did volunteers have to be awakened to prevent them from experiencing bouts of R.E.M. Sleep

A

67

23
Q

Following the completion of one week of R.E.M. Sleep deprivation volunteers

A

Have a greater than usually proportion of R.E.M. Sleep for 2 or 3 nights

24
Q

According to the default theory R.E.M. Sleep and

A

Wakefulness are similar

25
Q

Volunteers regain little of their lost sleep after a period of sleep deprivation but they regain much of their lost

A

Stage 4 sleep

26
Q

The finding that sleep is more efficient in people who regularly sleep less is a key finding because it indicates that

A

Sleep deprivation studies can indicate how much sleep people actually need only if the volunteers who are being studied are efficient sleepers to begin with

27
Q

Which of the following are commonly prescribed as hypnotics

A

Benzodiazepines

28
Q

Melatonin is synthesized from

A

Serotonin

29
Q

Disorders of excessive sleep or sleepiness are classified as

A

Hypersomnia

30
Q

In various surveys approximately ____ of the respondents report sleep related problems

A

30%

31
Q

Many cases of insomnia appear to be

A

Iatrogenic

32
Q

Paradoxically insomnia is often caused by

A

Hypnotic drugs

33
Q

A large group of patients who sought treatment for insomnia were found in one study to sleep ____ hours per night

A

6.5

34
Q

A condition in which a persons sleep is repeatedly disrupted by the inability to breath is called

A

Sleep apnea

35
Q

Sleep apnea is more common in

A

The elderly , men , the overweight

36
Q

Narcolepsy is most often considered to be a disorder of

A

Hypersomnia

37
Q

When they fall asleep narcoleptic immediately

A

Go into R.E.M. Sleep

38
Q

Cataplexy is common in cases of

A

Narcolepsy

39
Q

In one study volunteers gradually reduced the number of hours that they slept each night until they felt that they had reached their limit on the average this limit was

A

5 hours

40
Q

Interest in the efficiency of polyphasic sleep was stimulated by stories of

A

Leonardo da Vinci

41
Q

Polyphasic sleep reduction studies demonstrate that some people can function reasonably well on as little as ___ hours of polyphasic sleep per day

A

2.5 hours

42
Q

Several large scale longitudinal studies documented the sleep patterns and health of healthy volunteers for several years , they found that people who slept ___ hours per night tended to live the longest

A

Between 5-7