Chapter 14: Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

PNS

Answer 1

• Spinal Nerves
• Cranial Nerves
• Carry nerve impulses to & from the CNS to & from the body

Question 2

Somatic N.S.

Answer 2

• Consists of sensory (afferent) nerves & motor (efferent) nerves
• Controls voluntary/ conscious activities

Question 3

Autonomic N.S.

Answer 3

• Includes autonomic sensory nerves & autonomic motor nerves
• Controls involuntary/ unconscious regulation of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, & glands

Question 4

Dorsal Roots (Sensory Pathway)

Answer 4

-Transmits sensory information forming the afferent sensory root of a spinal nerve

Question 5

Ventral Roots (Motor Pathway)

Answer 5

-Efferent motor root of a spinal nerve

Question 6

Ventral Ramus

Answer 6

Anterior

Question 7

Olfactory (CN I)

Answer 7

Sensory

• Smell
• Clinical Testing: Sniff substances

Question 8

Optic (CN II)

Answer 8

Sensory

• Vision
• Clinical Testing: Read letters

Question 9

Oculomotor (CN III)

Answer 9

Motor

• Somatic: Moves the eye & upper eyelid
• Autonomic: Adjusts lens for near vision, & constriction of pupil
• Clinical Testing: Examine pupil size, shape, & equality, or follow objects

Question 10

Trochlear (CN IV)

Answer 10

Motor

• Somatic: Movement of eyeballs
• Clinical Testing: Examine pupil size, shape, & equality, or follow objects

Question 11

Trigeminal (CN V)

Answer 11

Sensory & Motor

• Somatic: Conveys touch, pain, & thermal sensations from scalp, face, & oral cavity, includes chewing
• Clinical Testing: Sensations of touch

Question 12

Abducens (CN VI)

Answer 12

Motor

• Somatic: Movement of eyeballs
• Clinical Testing: Examine pupil size, shape, & equality, or follow objects

Question 13

Facial (CN VII)

Answer 13

Sensory & Motor

• Sensory: taste
• Motor (Somatic): Facial Expression
• Motor (Autonomic): Secretion of tears & saliva
• Clinical Testing:

Question 14

Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

Answer 14

Sensory

• Hearing Equilibrium
• Clinical Testing: Hearing checked by air & bone conduction using a tuning fork

Question 15

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

Answer 15

Sensory & Motor
-Sensory: Taste, swallowing muscles, monitors BP, O2 & CO2 levels in blood, touch, pain, & temp sensations from ear & upper pharynx
Motor (Somatic): Assists swallowing
Motor (Autonomic): Secretion of saliva
-Clinical Testing: Check position of Uvula, Gag & Swallowing reflexes checked, asked to speak & cough

Question 16

Vagus (CN X)

Answer 16

Sensory & Motor
-Sensory: Taste, proprioception from throat & neck muscles, monitors BP, O2 & CO2 levels, touch, pain, & temp sensations from external ear, sensations from thoracic & abdominal organs
Motor (Somatic): Swallowing, speech, coughing
Motor (Autonomic): Motility & secretion of gastrointestinal organs, constriction of respiratory passageways and decreases heart rate
-Clinical Testing: Check position of Uvula, Gag & Swallowing reflexes checked, asked to speak & cough

Question 17

Accessory (CN XI)

Answer 17

Motor

• Somatic: Movement of head & shoulders
• Clinical Testing: Asked to rotate head & shrug shoulders

Question 18

Hypoglossal (CN XII)

Answer 18

Motor

• Somatic: Movement of tongue during speech & swallowing
• Clinical Testing: Asked to stick out & retract tongue