Chapter 14 - Lymphatic System

Question 1

What is adaptive immunity?

Answer 1

The ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them.

Humoral (B cells) and cell-mediated mediated immunity (T cells) are examples .

Question 2

Another name for humoral immunity

Answer 2

B cells

Question 3

Another name for cell-mediated immunity

Answer 3

T cells

Question 4

What are adenoids?

Answer 4

Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasal pharynx

Question 5

What is antibody?

Answer 5

Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens

Question 6

What is antigen?

Answer 6

Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an immune response.

Most antigens are proteins or proteins fragments found on the surface of bacteria, viruses, or organ transplant, tissue cells.

Question 7

What are Axillary nodes?

Answer 7

Lymph nodes in the armpit (underarm)

Question 8

What is a B cell (B lymphocyte)?

Answer 8

Lymphocyte that matures into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies.

The B refers to the bone marrow, which is where B cells, most often originate.

Question 9

What is cell-mediated immunity?

Answer 9

T cell (cytotoxic, helper, and suppressor) respond to antigens and destroy them; a type of adaptive immunity.

Question 10

What are cervical nodes?

Answer 10

Lymph notes in the neck region

Question 11

What is complement system?

Answer 11

Set of proteins in the blood that help antibodies kill their target

Question 12

What are cytokines?

Answer 12

Proteins secreted by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction.

Examples are interferons and and interleukins.

Question 13

What is a cytotoxic T cell?

Answer 13

Lymphocyte that directly kills antigens; called (CD8+) T cell.

Question 14

What is dendritic cell?

Answer 14

Antigen-presenting cell. Shows T and B cells what to attack.

Question 15

What is helper T cell?

Answer 15

Lymphocyte that aids B cells and stimulates T cells; (CD4+) T cell.

Question 16

What is humoral immunity?

Answer 16

B cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens; type of adaptive immunity

Question 17

What is immunity?

Answer 17

Body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins, that damage, tissues and organs.

Question 18

What are the types of the immunity?

Answer 18

Adaptive and natural

Question 19

What are immunoglobulins?

Answer 19

Antibodies , secreted by plasma cells (mature B cells) in response to the presence of an antigen.

Question 20

What are the examples of immunoglobulins?

Answer 20

IgA,
IgE,
IgG
IgM
IgD

Question 21

What is immunotherapy?

Answer 21

Use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat disease

Question 22

What are inguinal nodes?

Answer 22

Lymph nodes in the groin region

Question 23

What are interferons?

Answer 23

ProteinS (cytokines) secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response

Question 24

What are interleukins?

Answer 24

Proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes

Question 25

What is interstitial fluid?

Answer 25

Fluid in the spaces between cells. This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries.

Question 26

What is lymph?

Answer 26

Thin, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels, and collected from tissues throughout the body

Question 27

What are lymph capillaries?

Answer 27

Tiniest, lymphatic vessels

Question 28

What are lymphoid organs?

Answer 28

Lymph nodes. Spleen. Thymus gland. Tonsils Adenoids

Question 29

What is lymph node?

Answer 29

Collection of stationary, solid, lymphatic, tissue along lymph vessels; contains cells (lymphocytes, and macrophages) that fight infection

Question 30

What is a lymph vessel?

Answer 30

Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest

Question 31

What is a macrophage?

Answer 31

Large phagocyte found in the lymph nodes, and other tissues of the body.

Question 32

Phag/o

Answer 32

Eat, or swallow

Question 33

What are mediastinal nodes?

Answer 33

Lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the chest cavity

Question 34

What are mesenteric nodes?

Answer 34

Lymph nodes in the mesentery (intestinal region)

Question 35

What is monoclonal antibody?

Answer 35

Antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells; useful in immunotherapy

Question 36

What is natural immunity?

Answer 36

Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection, such as Neutrophils. Monocytes. Macrophages. NK cells. It is not antigen specific, and does not elicit memory.

Question 37

What are paraaortic nodes?

Answer 37

Lymph nodes near the aorta in the lumber (waist) area of the body