Chapter 14 - Lymphatic System Flashcards
What is adaptive immunity?
The ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them.
Humoral (B cells) and cell-mediated mediated immunity (T cells) are examples .
Another name for humoral immunity
B cells
Another name for cell-mediated immunity
T cells
What are adenoids?
Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasal pharynx
What is antibody?
Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens
What is antigen?
Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an immune response.
Most antigens are proteins or proteins fragments found on the surface of bacteria, viruses, or organ transplant, tissue cells.
What are Axillary nodes?
Lymph nodes in the armpit (underarm)
What is a B cell (B lymphocyte)?
Lymphocyte that matures into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies.
The B refers to the bone marrow, which is where B cells, most often originate.
What is cell-mediated immunity?
T cell (cytotoxic, helper, and suppressor) respond to antigens and destroy them; a type of adaptive immunity.
What are cervical nodes?
Lymph notes in the neck region
What is complement system?
Set of proteins in the blood that help antibodies kill their target
What are cytokines?
Proteins secreted by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction.
Examples are interferons and and interleukins.
What is a cytotoxic T cell?
Lymphocyte that directly kills antigens; called (CD8+) T cell.
What is dendritic cell?
Antigen-presenting cell. Shows T and B cells what to attack.
What is helper T cell?
Lymphocyte that aids B cells and stimulates T cells; (CD4+) T cell.
What is humoral immunity?
B cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens; type of adaptive immunity
What is immunity?
Body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins, that damage, tissues and organs.
What are the types of the immunity?
Adaptive and natural
What are immunoglobulins?
Antibodies , secreted by plasma cells (mature B cells) in response to the presence of an antigen.
What are the examples of immunoglobulins?
IgA,
IgE,
IgG
IgM
IgD
What is immunotherapy?
Use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat disease
What are inguinal nodes?
Lymph nodes in the groin region
What are interferons?
ProteinS (cytokines) secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response
What are interleukins?
Proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
What is interstitial fluid?
Fluid in the spaces between cells.
This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries.
What is lymph?
Thin, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels, and collected from tissues throughout the body
What are lymph capillaries?
Tiniest, lymphatic vessels
What are lymphoid organs?
Lymph nodes.
Spleen.
Thymus gland.
Tonsils
Adenoids
What is lymph node?
Collection of stationary, solid, lymphatic, tissue along lymph vessels; contains cells (lymphocytes, and macrophages) that fight infection
What is a lymph vessel?
Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest
What is a macrophage?
Large phagocyte found in the lymph nodes, and other tissues of the body.
Phag/o
Eat, or swallow
What are mediastinal nodes?
Lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the chest cavity
What are mesenteric nodes?
Lymph nodes in the mesentery (intestinal region)
What is monoclonal antibody?
Antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells; useful in immunotherapy
What is natural immunity?
Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection, such as
Neutrophils.
Monocytes.
Macrophages.
NK cells.
It is not antigen specific, and does not elicit memory.
What are paraaortic nodes?
Lymph nodes near the aorta in the lumber (waist) area of the body
