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Anatomy And Terminology > Chapter 13 - Blood System > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Blood System Flashcards

1
Q

What is blood composed of?

A

 Cells and plasma. Cells are 45% and the plasma is 55%.

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2
Q

Name three types of blood cells

A

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes

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3
Q

Another name for red blood cells

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

Another name for white blood cells

A

Leukocytes

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5
Q

Another name for platelets

A

Thrombocytes

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6
Q

What does plasma consist of?

A

Water, proteins, sugar, salt, hormones, lipids, and vitamins

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7
Q

What colour is plasma?

A

Straw-coloured

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8
Q

Where do blood cells originate?

A

The marrow cavity of bones

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9
Q

What is Albumin?

A

Major protein in blood. Maintains the proper amount of water in the blood. 

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10
Q

What is Antibody?

A

Specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates it

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11
Q

What is antigen?

A

Foreign substance or toxin that stimulates the production of an antibody 

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12
Q

What is Basophil?

A

White blood cell containing granules that stain blue associated with the release of histamine and heparin

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13
Q

What is bilirubin? 

A

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of haemoglobin when the red blood cells are destroyed 

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14
Q

What is coagulation?

A

 Blood clotting

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15
Q

What is colony stimulating factor? CSF

A

Protein factor that stimulates the growth and differentiation of developing blood cells. Examples are granulocyte CSF, erythropoietin, and thrombopoietin

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16
Q

What is differentiation?

A

Change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

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17
Q

What is electrophoresis ?

A

Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge and size

18
Q

What is eosinophil?

A

White blood cells containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

19
Q

What is erythroblast?

A

Immature, red blood cell

20
Q

What is erythropoietin? EPO

A

Hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

21
Q

What is fibrin?

A

Protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

22
Q

What is fibrinogen?

A

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

23
Q

What is a globulin?

A

Plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma(immune) globulins are examples

24
Q

What is granulocyte?

A

White blood cell with cytoplasmic granules : eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil 

25
Q

What is haematopoietic stem cell?

A

Cell in the bone marrow that give the rise to all types of blood cells

26
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

Blood proteins containing iron: carries oxygen in red blood cells

27
Q

What is heparin?

A

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

28
Q

What is immune reaction?

A

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion

29
Q

What is immunoglobulin?

A

Protein (a globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD.

30
Q

Immun/o

A

Protection

31
Q

What is a lymphocyte?

A

Mononuclear leukocyte  that produces antibodies to fight disease

32
Q

What is macrophage?

A

Monocyte that migrate from the blood to tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. In the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, macrophages destroy worn out red blood cells and also engulf bacteria, and other harmful organisms

33
Q

What is megakaryocyte?

A

Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

34
Q

What is monocyte?

A

Leukocyte was one large nucleus. It is a cell that engulfs foreign material and debris. Monocytes become macro phages as they leave the blood and enter body tissues

35
Q

What is mononuclear?

A

Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

36
Q

What is myeloblast?

A

Immature bone marrow cell that gives rise to granulocytes

37
Q

What is neutrophil?

A

Granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. It is a sago psychic tissue-fighting cell. Also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

38
Q

What is plasma?

A

Liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, wastes, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

39
Q

What is plasmapheresis?

A

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood.  Collected cells are retransfused back  into the donor. Fresh-frozen plasma or salt solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma.

40
Q

What is platelet?

A

Small blood cell fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Anatomy And Terminology (2 decks)

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