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2042 Final > Chapter 14: Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Eating Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Though similar in their concerns about eating and gaining weight, individuals with bulimia differ from individuals with anorexia in that they _____, while those with anorexia do/are not.

a.do not eat

b.are within 10% of their normal weight

c.are driven to thinness

d.are secretive about their disorder
A

b.are within 10% of their normal weight

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2
Q

Eating disorders are the ____ most common illness in adolescent females.

a.second

b.third

c.fifth

d.tenth
A

b.third

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3
Q

Unlike most of the disorders of childhood and adolescence, the causes of eating disorders are disproportionately related to ____ influences.

a.sociocultural

b.biological

c.familial

d.psychological
A

a.sociocultural

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4
Q

Which statement about picky eating in young childhood is true?

a.Over a third of young children are described as picky eaters.

b.Picky eating is more common among boys than girls.

c.Picky eating in young childhood is clearly connected to the later emergence of eating disorders.

d.Picky eating always leads to eating disorders.

A

a.Over a third of young children are described as picky eaters.

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5
Q

Which factor is least characteristic of teens who develop eating problems (Graber et al., 1994)?

a.higher percentage of body fat

b.early pubertal maturation

c.poor academic achievement

d.concurrent psychological problems
A

c.poor academic achievement

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6
Q

A large-scale survey of students in grades 5 through 8 found that approximately ___ had tried to lose weight in the past 7 days.

a.10%

b.25%

c.60%

d.90%
A

c.60%

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7
Q

Which of the following effects is least likely to occur when an individual is malnourished?

a.a loss of circadian rhythm

b.a decrease in the release of growth hormone

c.dermatological changes

d.lethargy, apathy, and depression
A

b.a decrease in the release of growth hormone

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8
Q

If fat levels decrease below our body’s normal range, the hypothalamus ____.

a.produces less insulin

b.triggers the proliferation of fat cells

c.slows metabolism

d.releases growth hormone
A

c.slows metabolism

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9
Q

​Approximately 50% to 75% of growth hormone production occurs ____.

a.prenatally

b.after the onset of deep sleep

c.during adolescence

d.when eating
A

b.after the onset of deep sleep

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10
Q

​Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorders in childhood are most characterized by ____.

a.the eating of nonnutritive substances

b.bingeing and purging to lose weight

c.significant weight loss

d.purposeful regurgitation of food
A

c.significant weight loss

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11
Q

Failure to thrive is more common among ____.

a.girls

b.children from disadvantaged environments

c.adolescents

d.individuals with mental retardation
A

b.children from disadvantaged environments

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12
Q

Early onset of feeding disorder is often associated with ____.

a.intellectual disability

b.parental overemphasis on food

c.inadequate care giving

d.poor metabolic control
A

c.inadequate care giving

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13
Q

A child who eats insects and wood chips is likely to be diagnosed with ____.

a.feeding disorder of childhood

b.rumination disorder

c.failure to thrive

d.pica
A

d.pica

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14
Q

Pica is often seen in individuals with ____.

a.intellectual disability

b.ADHD

c.depression

d.bulimia
A

a.intellectual disability

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15
Q

​Pica among young children (without intellectual disability) often remits ____.

a.when the child starts teething

b.after the child experiences a bout of sickness due to eating something inedible

c.when the child experiences increased stimulation

d.once the child has the cognitive capacity to understand that certain substances are not edible

A

c.when the child experiences increased stimulation

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16
Q

Pica in the first and second years of life among otherwise normally developing infants and toddlers is likely due to ____.

a.undiagnosed learning disorders

b.hunger

c.exploration

d.underlying depression
A

c.exploration

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17
Q

Failure to thrive is characterized by ____.

a.serious digestion problems

b.growth and eating problems

c.overeating problems

d.fear of getting fat
A

b.growth and eating problems

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18
Q

Mothers of infants with failure to thrive have been found to be ____ than mothers of infants without failure to thrive.

a.more insecurely attached

b.lower in self-esteem

c.older

d.less intelligent
A

a.more insecurely attached

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19
Q

​Obesity is a ____.

a.chronic medical condition

b.disorder of weight regulation

c.failure of willpower

d.childhood-onset mental disorder
A

a.chronic medical condition

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20
Q

​Obesity is usually defined in terms of a body mass index above the _____ percentile.

a.60th

b.70th

c.80th

d.95th
A

d.95th

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21
Q

Approximately ____ of American children are obese.

a.1 in 4

b.1 in 5

c. 1 in 6

d.1 in 7
A

c. 1 in 6

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22
Q

​Obesity ____ is strongly related to obesity in ____.

a.in infancy; later childhood

b.in infancy; adolescence

c.in childhood; adulthood

d.at any time during the course of development; adulthood
A

c.in childhood; adulthood

23
Q

Obese children are a risk factor for later ____ disorders.

a.mood

b.anxiety

c.eating

d.substance
A

c.eating

24
Q

​The relationship between preadolescent obesity and the later emergence of eating disorders is likely due to ____.

a.biological abnormalities that underlie both conditions

b.the teasing that obese children experience from their peers

c.an underlying psychiatric condition

d.an urge to stop eating

A

b.the teasing that obese children experience from their peers

25
Q

​A protein that plays a major role in some genetic cases of obesity is called ____.

a.lutein

b.peptin

c.leptin

d.tyrosine
A

c.leptin

26
Q

Treatment methods to help children who are obese to lose weight should emphasize ____.

a.demanding exercise regimens

b.strict caloric reduction/restriction

c.avoidance of food cues

d.active, less sedentary routines
A

d.active, less sedentary routines

27
Q

For some teens, particularly girls, excessive efforts to control eating may be a misguided effort to ____.

a.punish parents

b.manage the stress and physical changes

c.punish themselves

d.regress back to the oral stage of development

A

b.manage the stress and physical changes

28
Q

​In the early 1900s, the treatment for anorexia was ____.

a.psychodynamic psychotherapy

b.hypnotherapy

c.removal from home and forced feeding

d.family therapy
A

c.removal from home and forced feeding

29
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of anorexia?

a.loss of appetite

b.fear of gaining weight

c.denial of being too thin

d.refusal to maintain minimal normal body weight
A

a.loss of appetite

30
Q

The DSM-5 specifies two subtypes of anorexia based on ____.

a.percentage of weight loss

b.methods used to limit caloric intake

c.presence or absence of co-morbid depression

d.family dynamics
A

b.methods used to limit caloric intake

31
Q

​In comparison to persons with bulimia, those with binge-eating/purging type of anorexia ____.

a.eat the same amount of food but purge more thoroughly

b.eat relatively small amounts of food and purge more consistently

c.binge only on healthy foods

d.purge more inconsistently

A

b.eat relatively small amounts of food and purge more consistently

32
Q

​In comparison to the binge-eating/purging type, individuals with restricting anorexia tend to ____.

a.be more impulsive

b.have stronger family histories of obesity

c.have more labile moods

d.lose weight through diet
A

d.lose weight through diet

33
Q

​In comparison to the restricting type, individuals with the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia tend to ____.

a.be more controlled and rigid

b.be more obsessive

c.have less mood problems

d.eliminate the food quicker
A

d.eliminate the food quicker

34
Q

Which of the following statements relating to bulimia is true?

a.Anorexia is more common than bulimia.

b.The DSM-5 subdivides bulimia into two types: purging type and restrictive type.

c.Approximately, one-third of individuals with bulimia engage in purging.

d.No specific quantity of food constitutes a binge.

A

d.No specific quantity of food constitutes a binge.

35
Q

Binge eating typically follows changes in _______.

a.school routines

b.weight gain

c.interpersonal stress

d.family eating patterns
A

c.interpersonal stress

36
Q

The most common compensatory technique after an episode of binge eating among clinical samples is ____.​

a.fasting

b.vomiting

c.exercise

d.laxatives
A

b.vomiting

37
Q

Vomiting is used by people with bulimia to ____.

a.prevent weight gain

b.avoid bacteria

c.gain attention

d.act independently
A

a.prevent weight gain

38
Q

Which disorder has become increasingly widespread during this age of abundant fast food and obesity?

a.reduced eating disorder

b.bulimia

c.anorexia

d.binge eating disorder
A

d.binge eating disorder

39
Q

Studies have estimated the prevalence of anorexia among adolescents at ____.

a.0.2%

b.0.3%

c.7%

d.14%
A

b.0.3%

40
Q

Most commonly, individuals with anorexia ____.

a.die from starvation

b.overcome their disorder completely

c.become overweight in their late twenties

d.restore to a normal weight, but then relapse

A

d.restore to a normal weight, but then relapse

41
Q

The onset of bulimia ____.

a.typically occurs in late-adolescence

b.typically occurs in mid-adolescence to late-adolescence

c.typically occurs in adulthood

d.may occur at any time after the onset of puberty (no particular time is more likely than others)

A

b.typically occurs in mid-adolescence to late-adolescence

42
Q

Follow-up studies of patients with bulimia indicate that between ____ of patients show full recovery over several years.

a.10% and 15%

b. 20% and 25%

c.30% and 45%

d.50% and 75%
A

d.50% and 75%

43
Q

​Which of the following is a predictor of full recovery for individuals with bulimia?

a.higher social class

b.older age at onset

c.family history of alcohol abuse

d.less weight gain
A

b.older age at onset

44
Q

The neurotransmitter that has been most focused on as a possible cause of eating disorders is ____.

a.dopamine

b.GABA

c.serotonin

d.norepinephrine
A

c.serotonin

45
Q

Which factor has been linked to the development of eating disorders?

a.parental supervision

b.sexual abuse

c.single-parent family

d.low socioeconomic status
A

d.low socioeconomic status

46
Q

Which of the following disorders is least likely to co-occur with eating disorders?

a.depression

b.anxiety

c.obsessive–compulsive disorder

d.ADHD
A

d.ADHD

47
Q

____ is the initial treatment of choice for children and adolescents with anorexia who are living at home.

a.Temporary removal from the home

b.Family-based therapy

c.Psychopharmacology

d.Individual psychotherapy
A

b.Family-based therapy

48
Q

​The most effective current treatment for bulimia is ____.

a.insight-oriented psychotherapy

b.family therapy

c.psychopharmacology

d.cognitive–behavior therapy
A

d.cognitive–behavior therapy

49
Q

Describe the binge-purge cycle

A

Strict dieting, tension and cravings, binge eating, purging to avoid gaining weight, shame and disgust, repeat

50
Q

What are the two forms of anorexia?

A
  • Restricting type - individual loses weight through diet, fasting, or excessive exercise
  • Binge-eating/purging type → considered anorexia when you are not maintaining your body weight
51
Q

What is the main difference between anorexia and bulimia?

A

Bulimia is trying to prevent weight gain - anorexia is trying to get rid of weight
Anorexia occurs across the world, and bulimia is a culture bound syndrome

52
Q

How many people with anorexia show a full recovery?

a. Less than one half
b. More than one half
c. Almost all
d. None

A

a. Less than one half

1/3 show fair improvement, 1/5 never show improvement

53
Q

What is Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder?

A

Characterized by a sudden or marked deceleration of weight gain and a slowing or disruption of emotional and social development prior to age 6

  • affects up to 1/3 of young children
  • equally common in both genders
54
Q

What has been shown to be true about children who eat dinner together as a family

a. Better grades
b. Language/vocabulary development increased
c. Less dieting/binging
d. Less risk to smoke, drink, do drugs, attempt suicide
e. All of the above

A

e. All of the above + more!

2042 Final (4 decks)

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