Chapter 14: Aqueous Solutions

Question 1

What is solubility a measure of?

Answer 1

The amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature

Question 2

What do solubility curves show?

Answer 2

How the solubility of a compound changes with temperature

Question 3

What are the trends in solubility with temperature in all states of matter?

Answer 3

The solubility of solids generally increases as the temperature increases
The solubility of gases generally decreases as temperature increases
There is no trend in solubility of liquids

Question 4

When does crystallisation occur?

Answer 4

When a solution is cooled to the point where it becomes saturated with solute, and the solute begins to form solid crystals

Question 5

When can crystallisation occur from a solution?

Answer 5

The temperature of the solution decreases and the solvent evaporates

Question 6

What are the factors that can affect crystallisation?

Answer 6

Rate of cooling of solution, rate of evaporation of solvent and nature of the compound

Question 7

What is the concentration of a solution defined as?

Answer 7

The quantity of solute dissolved in a quantity of solution

Question 8

What is molarity defined as?

Answer 8

The number of moles of solute per litre of solution

Question 9

What is the formula for molarity of a substance?

Answer 9

Concentration (C) = Amount in Moles (n) / Volume in Litres (V)

Question 10

What is the formula for numerical problems involving dilution?

Answer 10

C1 x V1 = C2 x V2

C = Concentration, V = Volume