Chapter 14 Flashcards

0
Q

Antianxiety Medications

A

Drugs that help reduce a persons experience of fear or anxiety

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1
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

The study of drug effects on psychological states and symptoms

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2
Q

Antidepressants

A

A class of drugs that help lift people’s moods

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3
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

A treatment that involves inducing a brief seizure by delivering an electrical shock to the brain

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4
Q

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

A

A treatment that involves placing a powerful pulsed magnet over a person’s scalp, which alters neuronal activity in the brain

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5
Q

Phototherapy

A

A therapy that involves repeated exposure to bright light

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6
Q

Psychosurgery

A

Surgical destruction of specific brain areas

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7
Q

Placebo

A

An inert substance or procedure that has been applied with the exception that a healing response will be produced.

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8
Q

Iatrogenic illness

A

A disorder or symptom that occurs as a result of a medical or psychotherapeutic treatment itself

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9
Q

Psychotherapy

A

An interaction between a socially sanctioned clinician and someone suffering from a psychological problem, with the goal of providing support or relief from the problem.

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10
Q

Eclectic psychotherapy

A

A form of psychotherapy that involves drawing on techniques from different forms of therapy, depending on the client and the problem.

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11
Q

Psychodynamic psychotherapies

A

Therapies that explore childhood events and encourage individuals to use this understanding to develop insight into their psychological problems

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12
Q

Resistance

A

A reluctance to cooperate with treatment for fear of confronting unpleasant unconscious material

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13
Q

Transference

A

An event that occurs in psychoanalysis when the analyst begins to assume a major significance in the client’s life and the client reacts to the analyst based on unconscious childhood fantasies

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14
Q

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)

A

A form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships.

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15
Q

Person-centered therapy (or client-centered therapy)

A

Assumes that all individuals have a tendency toward growth and that this growth can be facilitated by acceptance and genuine reactions from the therapist

16
Q

Gestalt therapy

A

Has the goal of helping the client become aware of his or her thoughts, behaviors, experiences, and feelings and to “own” or take responsibility for them

17
Q

Behavior therapy

A

A type of therapy that assumes that disordered behavior is learned and that symptoms relief is achieved through changing overt maladaptive behaviors into more constructive behaviors

18
Q

Token economy

A

A form of behavior therapy in which clients are given “tokens” for desired behaviors, which they can later trade for rewards

19
Q

Exposure therapy

A

An approach to treatment that involves confronting an emotion-arousing stimulus directly and repeatedly, ultimately leading to a decrease in the emotional response

20
Q

Cognitive therapy

A

Focuses on helping a client identify and correct any distorted thinking about self, others, or the world

21
Q

Cognitive reconstructing

A

A therapeutic approach that teaches clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative emotions and to replace negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs

22
Q

Mindfulness mediation

A

Teaches and individual to be fully present in each moment; to be aware of his or her thoughts, feelings, and sensations; and to detect symptoms before they become a problem.

23
Q

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

A

A blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies.

24
Q

Group therapy

A

A technique in which multiple participants (who often do not know one another at the outset) work on their individual problems in a group atmosphere.

25
Q

Antipsychotic drugs

A

Medications that are used to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders