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PTII Systems > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

5 variables that effect reactions

A

Temperature, Pressure, Time, Catalyst, Concentration

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2
Q

5 types of reactions

A

Exothermic, Endothermic, Replacement, Neutralization, and Combustion

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3
Q

Used to slow down a reaction

A

Inhibitor

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4
Q

AMU

A

Atomic Mass Unit

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5
Q

A solvent that does not participate in the reaction - simply a carrier

A

Diluent

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6
Q

General categories of reactors

A

Continuous and Batch

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7
Q

5 types of reactors

A

Stirred, Fixed bed, Fluidized bed, Tubular, Furnace

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8
Q

5 factors to consider in reactors

A

Corrosion, Safety devices, Heating media, Cooling media, and Instrumentation

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9
Q

A collection of equipment designed together to produce a certain product

A

System

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10
Q

Doubles for every ____ degree Celsius increase in reactor

A

10

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11
Q

Increase in this increases gas reaction time. Occurs in liquids some of the time.

A

Pressure

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12
Q

Higher this make a faster reaction, but also expels or absorbs more heat

A

Concentration

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13
Q

Time in contact with catalyst

A

Contact Time

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14
Q

Time reactants in contact with catalyst in the reaction

A

Reaction Time

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15
Q

Time reactants in vessel overall

A

Residence Time

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16
Q

Two negatives with improper agitation

A

Development of hot spots

Reaction doesn’t happen right

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17
Q

Increases reaction rate

A

Catalyst

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18
Q

3 types of catalyst

A

Adsorption, Intermediate, Inhibitor

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19
Q

Catalyst that contacts surface of reactant

A

Adsorption catalyst

20
Q

Catalyst that forms a product that is not complete. It is consumed before reaction complete, and another catalyst will be needed to complete the reaction

A

Intermediate catalyst

21
Q

Catalyst that slows down reaction

A

Inhibitor

22
Q

Catalyst that kills a reaction

A

Poison

23
Q

Two chemicals you MUST have an inhibitor with

A

Vinyl Chloride Monomer and 1-3 Butadiene

24
Q

Reaction that removes unwanted ions - usually in water treatment

A

Replacement

25
Q

Reaction that involves acid and base - usually in water or aqueous systems

A

Neutralization

26
Q

Reaction that produces heat - complete gives water and heat, incomplete gives you carbon monoxide

A

Combustion

27
Q

Determines the exact amount of reactants needed to make a certain product

A

Material Balancing

28
Q

Stirred Reactor Example

A

LDPE autoclave (Low Density Polyethylene)

29
Q

4 safety features of stirred reactor

A

pressure relief, quenching, process variable alarms, auto-shutdown

30
Q

Reactor used to remove unwanted material from gas or liquid system

A

Fixed bed reactor

31
Q

Example of fixed bed reactor

A

molecular sieve or hydrodesulfurization

32
Q

FCCU

A

Fluidized bed Catalytic Cracker Unit

33
Q

Regenerates the catalyst in FCCU

A

regenerator

34
Q

Process of removing heavy residual material by turning the solid to a gaseous product to recover it

A

Fluid Coking

35
Q

Essentially a tube and shell heat exchanger turned on its end as a reactor

A

Tubular Reactor

36
Q

Tubular Reactor Example

A

LDPE Tubular from Exxon

37
Q

Advantage of tubular reactor

A

No agitator - creates its own turbulence

38
Q

5 Factors to consider when constructing a reactor

A

Corrosion, Heating Media, Cooling Media, Safety Devices, Instrumentation

39
Q

Combining the correct equipment to get a product you want

A

System

40
Q

4 types of cracking

A

thermal, catalytic, unification/reformer, alteration

41
Q

Use of a reactor to make one large molecule out of two molecules

A

Alkylation

42
Q

A chemical that can increase or decrease reaction rate without being part of the product

A

Catalyst

43
Q

A term used to describe the breaking of chemical bonds, forming of chemical bonds, or breaking and forming of chemical bonds

A

Chemical Reaction

44
Q

3 processes that being with H

A

Hydrocracking, Hydrodesulfurization, Dehydration

45
Q

Balance Fe + O2 –> Fe2O3

A

4Fe + 3O2 –> 2Fe2O3

46
Q

Balance Sn + Cl2 –> SnCl4

A

Sn + 2Cl2 –> SnCl4

47
Q

Balance Fe + Cl2 –> 2FeCl3

A

2Fe + 3Cl2 –> 2FeCl3

PTII Systems (3 decks)

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