Chapter 14

Question 1

5 variables that effect reactions

Answer 1

Temperature, Pressure, Time, Catalyst, Concentration

Question 2

5 types of reactions

Answer 2

Exothermic, Endothermic, Replacement, Neutralization, and Combustion

Question 3

Used to slow down a reaction

Answer 3

Inhibitor

Question 4

AMU

Answer 4

Atomic Mass Unit

Question 5

A solvent that does not participate in the reaction - simply a carrier

Answer 5

Diluent

Question 6

General categories of reactors

Answer 6

Continuous and Batch

Question 7

5 types of reactors

Answer 7

Stirred, Fixed bed, Fluidized bed, Tubular, Furnace

Question 8

5 factors to consider in reactors

Answer 8

Corrosion, Safety devices, Heating media, Cooling media, and Instrumentation

Question 9

A collection of equipment designed together to produce a certain product

Answer 9

System

Question 10

Doubles for every ____ degree Celsius increase in reactor

Answer 10

10

Question 11

Increase in this increases gas reaction time. Occurs in liquids some of the time.

Answer 11

Pressure

Question 12

Higher this make a faster reaction, but also expels or absorbs more heat

Answer 12

Concentration

Question 13

Time in contact with catalyst

Answer 13

Contact Time

Question 14

Time reactants in contact with catalyst in the reaction

Answer 14

Reaction Time

Question 15

Time reactants in vessel overall

Answer 15

Residence Time

Question 16

Two negatives with improper agitation

Answer 16

Development of hot spots

Reaction doesn’t happen right

Question 17

Increases reaction rate

Answer 17

Catalyst

Question 18

3 types of catalyst

Answer 18

Adsorption, Intermediate, Inhibitor

Question 19

Catalyst that contacts surface of reactant

Answer 19

Adsorption catalyst

Question 20

Catalyst that forms a product that is not complete. It is consumed before reaction complete, and another catalyst will be needed to complete the reaction

Answer 20

Intermediate catalyst

Question 21

Catalyst that slows down reaction

Answer 21

Inhibitor

Question 22

Catalyst that kills a reaction

Answer 22

Poison

Question 23

Two chemicals you MUST have an inhibitor with

Answer 23

Vinyl Chloride Monomer and 1-3 Butadiene

Question 24

Reaction that removes unwanted ions - usually in water treatment

Answer 24

Replacement

Question 25

Reaction that involves acid and base - usually in water or aqueous systems

Answer 25

Neutralization

Question 26

Reaction that produces heat - complete gives water and heat, incomplete gives you carbon monoxide

Answer 26

Combustion

Question 27

Determines the exact amount of reactants needed to make a certain product

Answer 27

Material Balancing

Question 28

Stirred Reactor Example

Answer 28

LDPE autoclave (Low Density Polyethylene)

Question 29

4 safety features of stirred reactor

Answer 29

pressure relief, quenching, process variable alarms, auto-shutdown

Question 30

Reactor used to remove unwanted material from gas or liquid system

Answer 30

Fixed bed reactor

Question 31

Example of fixed bed reactor

Answer 31

molecular sieve or hydrodesulfurization

Question 32

FCCU

Answer 32

Fluidized bed Catalytic Cracker Unit

Question 33

Regenerates the catalyst in FCCU

Answer 33

regenerator

Question 34

Process of removing heavy residual material by turning the solid to a gaseous product to recover it

Answer 34

Fluid Coking

Question 35

Essentially a tube and shell heat exchanger turned on its end as a reactor

Answer 35

Tubular Reactor

Question 36

Tubular Reactor Example

Answer 36

LDPE Tubular from Exxon

Question 37

Advantage of tubular reactor

Answer 37

No agitator - creates its own turbulence

Question 38

5 Factors to consider when constructing a reactor

Answer 38

Corrosion, Heating Media, Cooling Media, Safety Devices, Instrumentation

Question 39

Combining the correct equipment to get a product you want

Answer 39

System

Question 40

4 types of cracking

Answer 40

thermal, catalytic, unification/reformer, alteration

Question 41

Use of a reactor to make one large molecule out of two molecules

Answer 41

Alkylation

Question 42

A chemical that can increase or decrease reaction rate without being part of the product

Answer 42

Catalyst

Question 43

A term used to describe the breaking of chemical bonds, forming of chemical bonds, or breaking and forming of chemical bonds

Answer 43

Chemical Reaction

Question 44

3 processes that being with H

Answer 44

Hydrocracking, Hydrodesulfurization, Dehydration

Question 45

Balance Fe + O2 --> Fe2O3

Answer 45

4Fe + 3O2 --> 2Fe2O3

Question 46

Balance Sn + Cl2 --> SnCl4

Answer 46

Sn + 2Cl2 --> SnCl4

Question 47

Balance Fe + Cl2 --> 2FeCl3

Answer 47

2Fe + 3Cl2 --> 2FeCl3