Chapter 14 Flashcards
Solid
High density, non-compressible
Gas
Low density, compressible, fills container
Liquid
Between gas & solid, but closer to a solid
Freezing temperature of water
0 degrees Celsius
Boiling point of water
100 degrees Celcius
Heat of Fusion for Water
6kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization for Water
41 kJ/mol
Density of water
Ice is less dense, takes up more volume
Intramolecualar Force
Forces within a molecule that holds the atoms together
Intermolecular force
Forces between two different molecules
Heat of fusion
Energy required to melt or freeze 1 mole of a substance
Heat of vaporization
Energy required to evaporate or condense 1 mole of a substance
Covalent bond
Two atoms sharing electrons
Ionic bond
An atom taking electron away from another atom. One gets positive charge while other gets negative
Polarity (dipole moment)
Positive and negative ends
Polarity (dipole moment) due to…
Difference in Electronegativity between atoms in the molecule and the shape of the molecule
Dipole-dipole attraction
Holds molecules together in their solid or liquid states
Much weaker than bonds
Does not happen in gases
Hydrogen bond
Very strong type of dipole-dipole attraction between some molecule containing hydrogen as well as nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine.
Have high boiling point and atoms get closer together.
London dispersion forces
Forces between noble gases and non-polar molecules in their liquid or solid states.
