Chapter 14 Flashcards
Moral development
Moral domain
An area of social knowledge based on concepts of right and wrong, fairness, justice, and individual rights; these concepts apply across contexts and supersede rules or authority
Societal domain
An area of social knowledge that encompasses concepts regarding the rules and conventions through which societies maintain order
Personal domain
An area of social knowledge that pertains to actions in which individual preferences are the main consideration; there are no right or wrong choices
Conscience
An internal regulatory mechanism that increases an individual’s ability to conform to standards of conduct accepted in their culture
Prosocial behavior
Voluntary behavior intended to benefit another, such as helping, sharing with, and comforting others
Primary prevention
A program targeting all individuals in a particular setting in order to prevent the occurrence of problematic behavior or condition
Secondary prevention
A program designed to help individuals at risk for developing a problem or condition, with the goal of preventing the problem or condition
Tertiary intervention
A program designed to help individuals who already exhibit a problem or condition
Antisocial behavior
Disruptive, hostile, or aggressive behavior that violates social norms or rules and that harms or takes advantage of others
Aggression
Behavior aimed at physically or emotionally harming or injuring others
Instrumental aggression
Aggression motivated by the desire to obtain a concrete goal
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
A disorder characterized by age-inappropriate and persistent displays of angry, defiant, and irritable behaviors
Conduct disorder (CD)
A disorder that involves severe antisocial and aggressive behaviors that inflict pain on others or involve destruction of property or denial of the rights of others
Reactive aggression
Emotionally driven, antagonistic aggression sparked by one’s perception that other people’s motives are hostile
Proactive aggression
Unemotional aggression aimed at fulfilling a need or desire
Positive youth development
An approach to youth intervention that focuses on developing and nurturing strengths and assets rather than on correcting weaknesses and deficits
Service learning
A strategy for promoting positive youth development that integrates school-based instruction with community involvement in order to promote civic responsibility and enhance learning
