Chapter 14-15 Terms Flashcards
The ______________ recognized the French king’s right to select French bishops and abbots.
D) Concordat of Bologna
Royal authority in Spain was enhanced by all of the following except
C) recruitment of men trained in Roman law into the government bureaucracy.
In the early sixteenth century, critics of the church attacked all of the following except
A) the academic pursuits of the clergy.
Martin Luther wrote his letter entitled NinetyFive Theses to Archbishop Albert in response to
D) Selling of indulgences
In the fifteenth century, many clerics held more than one benefice, a practice known as
A) pluralism
Martin Luther’s father was a
E) Miner
The doctrine of indulgence rests on all of the following principles except
B) belief in salvation by faith alone.
The Twelve Articles were
B) grievances of the Swabian peasants
In 1521, Charles V ordered Luther to appear before the
A) Diet of Worms
The __________, summoned in 1529, aimed to unify Protestant opinion.
C) Colloquy of Marburg
Luther believed that the church consisted of
E) the entire community of Christian believers
Luther’s ideas about Roman exploitation of Germany
A) appealed to the political aspirations of German princes.
According to the text, Catholic historians have tended to view the Reformation as
E) continuous with earlier reform movements that remained within the church
John Knox was influential in the Reformation in
B) Scotland
As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the people of Germany
D) became either Lutheran or Catholic depending on the preference of their prince
The Protestant Reformation in Germany
B) compounded problems that had existed since the Middle Ages
Calvin’s reform movement
C) was thoroughly integrated into the civil government of Geneva
Ulrich Zwingli attacked all of the following except
C) the doctrine of the Trinity
Martin Luther’s first response to the demands made by the Swabian peasants of their lords was
E) sympathy for the peasants
According to Calvin, the elect were
C) those individuals chosen for salvation
The Genevan Consistory
B) severely regulated the conduct of Genevans
Anabaptists generally favored all of the following except
E) abolition of baptism
The Reformation in England was primarily the result of
A) dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII.
The dissolution of the English monasteries
A) resulted from Henry VIII’s desire to confiscate their wealth.
Luther and Zwingli disagreed on which of the following issues?
E) the Eucharist.
The parliamentary acts that removed the English church from papal jurisdiction
A) were probably misunderstood by most members of Parliament.
The Catholic Reformation, started the 1540s as a response to the Protestant Reformation,
C) sought to initiate institutional reform.
In religious affairs, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that
C) was a middle course between Catholic and Protestant extremes
__________’s Institutes of the Christian Religion laid out the core elements of his theology.
B) Calvin
The Quakers trace their origins, in part, to
A) Anabaptist
France supported the Protestant princes of Germany in order to
E) keep Germany politically fragmented.
- _________ factors proved decisive in shaping the course of the Reformation in eastern Europe.
E) Ethnic
The Index was
D) a catalog of forbidden reading.
The Treaty of Cateau-CambrŽsis between France and _________ was signed in 1559.
A) Spain
Before the Portuguese gained control of the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the trade had been controlled by the
A) Muslims.
How did medieval Arab chroniclers tend to describe people from sub-Saharan Africa?
E) As physically repulsive, mentally inferior people with few cares and no worries.
Prince Henry of Portugal is significant for his
B) support of exploration.
European overseas expansion was facilitated by all of the following innovations except the
E) galley.
The European kingdom that took the lead in overseas exploration was
A) Portugal
- At the end of the sixteenth century, the commercial capital of the European world was
D) Amsterdam.
In the seventeenth century, the Dutch East India Company
E) took over much of the East Indies from Portugal.
The primary motivation for European explorers was
A) material profit.
The group of people who benefited the most from large price increases in the sixteenth century was the
D) middle class.
The Peace of Westphalia was signed in
A) October, 1648.
The quinto was
B) a Spanish tax on all precious metals mined in its colonies.
- ___________ published the Edict of Nantes in 1598.
C) Henry IV
When Charles V abdicated, his son Philip received all of the following except
B) Austria
Philip II shared with Luther and Calvin the belief that
B) church and civil authorities should destroy heresy.
The seven northern provinces of the Netherlands formed the __________ and in 1581 declared their independence from Spain.
A) Union of Utrecht
The Saint Bartholomew’s Day massacre
D) exemplified the hatred between French Catholics and Protestants.
The Edict of Nantes
E) provided conditions for the peaceful coexistence of Calvinism and Catholicism in France
The Thirty Years’ War began in
A) Bohemia.
The period ___________ saw witch-hunting on an unprecedented scale.
A) 1560 to 1660
Baroque art was
B) intended to kindle the faith of the common people
Among the hypotheses offered by scholars to explain the great witch-hunts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are all of the following except
E) a deliberate papal conspiracy to smear Protestants with charges of witchcraft.
The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588
A) prevented Philip II from reuniting western Europe under Catholic rule.
All of the following were factors in Elizabeth I’s decision to intervene in the Dutch revolt except
D) the impact of inflation on the Spanish economy.
- The Portuguese brought the first African slaves to
A) Brazil
The most significant changes brought about by the Columbian voyages were
A) biosocial in nature.
- Amerindians gave the Spanish
B) syphilis.
During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, prostitution
B) Was common
The caravel was
D) a three-masted sailing vessel developed in Portugal.
The European attitude toward blacks derived from Christian theological speculation and
B) Arab ideas about Africans.
A state may be termed __________ when it possesses a monopoly over the instruments of justice and the use of force within clearly defined boundaries.
A) sovereign
Which of the following was not one of the outcomes of the Peace of Utrecht?
A) It gave the Dutch control over the former Spanish Netherlands.
Louis XIII’s decision to destroy Huguenot independence was based on
D) the Huguenots’ refusal to allow Catholics freedom of worship in Huguenot cities.
The Edict of Nantes was intended to
E) promote temporary religious and civil concord.
In order to pay for the HabsburgValois wars, the French monarchs
C) sold public offices.
The French royal budget in the first half of the sixteenth century was strained by both the HabsburgValois wars and
C) extravagant promotion of the arts by the monarchs.
- The final collapse of Spain as a great military power was symbolized by the defeat at the Battle of Rocroi, and the resulting Treaty of
C) the Pyrenees.
- The state that gained the most from the War of the Spanish Succession was
D) England.
The primary instrument of Dutch overseas imperialism was the
B) Dutch East India Company.
The decline of Spain in the seventeenth century can be attributed to all of the following causes except
A) conflict between the church and the state.
The cause of the War of Spanish Succession was
E) The prospect of Louis XIV controlling both the French and Spanish thrones.
