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AP Euro > Chapter 14-15 Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 14-15 Terms Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
0
Q

The ______________ recognized the French king’s right to select French bishops and abbots.

A

D) Concordat of Bologna

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1
Q

Royal authority in Spain was enhanced by all of the following except

A

C) recruitment of men trained in Roman law into the government bureaucracy.

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2
Q

In the early sixteenth century, critics of the church attacked all of the following except

A

A) the academic pursuits of the clergy.

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3
Q

Martin Luther wrote his letter entitled NinetyFive Theses to Archbishop Albert in response to

A

D) Selling of indulgences

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4
Q

In the fifteenth century, many clerics held more than one benefice, a practice known as

A

A) pluralism

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5
Q

Martin Luther’s father was a

A

E) Miner

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6
Q

The doctrine of indulgence rests on all of the following principles except

A

B) belief in salvation by faith alone.

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7
Q

The Twelve Articles were

A

B) grievances of the Swabian peasants

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8
Q

In 1521, Charles V ordered Luther to appear before the

A

A) Diet of Worms

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9
Q

The __________, summoned in 1529, aimed to unify Protestant opinion.

A

C) Colloquy of Marburg

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10
Q

Luther believed that the church consisted of

A

E) the entire community of Christian believers

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11
Q

Luther’s ideas about Roman exploitation of Germany

A

A) appealed to the political aspirations of German princes.

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12
Q

According to the text, Catholic historians have tended to view the Reformation as

A

E) continuous with earlier reform movements that remained within the church

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13
Q

John Knox was influential in the Reformation in

A

B) Scotland

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14
Q

As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the people of Germany

A

D) became either Lutheran or Catholic depending on the preference of their prince

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15
Q

The Protestant Reformation in Germany

A

B) compounded problems that had existed since the Middle Ages

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16
Q

Calvin’s reform movement

A

C) was thoroughly integrated into the civil government of Geneva

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17
Q

Ulrich Zwingli attacked all of the following except

A

C) the doctrine of the Trinity

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18
Q

Martin Luther’s first response to the demands made by the Swabian peasants of their lords was

A

E) sympathy for the peasants

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19
Q

According to Calvin, the elect were

A

C) those individuals chosen for salvation

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20
Q

The Genevan Consistory

A

B) severely regulated the conduct of Genevans

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21
Q

Anabaptists generally favored all of the following except

A

E) abolition of baptism

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22
Q

The Reformation in England was primarily the result of

A

A) dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII.

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23
Q

The dissolution of the English monasteries

A

A) resulted from Henry VIII’s desire to confiscate their wealth.

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24
Q

Luther and Zwingli disagreed on which of the following issues?

A

E) the Eucharist.

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25
Q

The parliamentary acts that removed the English church from papal jurisdiction

A

A) were probably misunderstood by most members of Parliament.

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26
Q

The Catholic Reformation, started the 1540s as a response to the Protestant Reformation,

A

C) sought to initiate institutional reform.

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27
Q

In religious affairs, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that

A

C) was a middle course between Catholic and Protestant extremes

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28
Q

__________’s Institutes of the Christian Religion laid out the core elements of his theology.

A

B) Calvin

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29
Q

The Quakers trace their origins, in part, to

A

A) Anabaptist

30
Q

France supported the Protestant princes of Germany in order to

A

E) keep Germany politically fragmented.

31
Q
  1. _________ factors proved decisive in shaping the course of the Reformation in eastern Europe.
A

E) Ethnic

32
Q

The Index was

A

D) a catalog of forbidden reading.

33
Q

The Treaty of Cateau-CambrŽsis between France and _________ was signed in 1559.

A

A) Spain

34
Q

Before the Portuguese gained control of the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the trade had been controlled by the

A

A) Muslims.

35
Q

How did medieval Arab chroniclers tend to describe people from sub-Saharan Africa?

A

E) As physically repulsive, mentally inferior people with few cares and no worries.

36
Q

Prince Henry of Portugal is significant for his

A

B) support of exploration.

37
Q

European overseas expansion was facilitated by all of the following innovations except the

A

E) galley.

38
Q

The European kingdom that took the lead in overseas exploration was

A

A) Portugal

39
Q
  1. At the end of the sixteenth century, the commercial capital of the European world was
A

D) Amsterdam.

40
Q

In the seventeenth century, the Dutch East India Company

A

E) took over much of the East Indies from Portugal.

41
Q

The primary motivation for European explorers was

A

A) material profit.

42
Q

The group of people who benefited the most from large price increases in the sixteenth century was the

A

D) middle class.

43
Q

The Peace of Westphalia was signed in

A

A) October, 1648.

44
Q

The quinto was

A

B) a Spanish tax on all precious metals mined in its colonies.

45
Q
  1. ___________ published the Edict of Nantes in 1598.
A

C) Henry IV

46
Q

When Charles V abdicated, his son Philip received all of the following except

A

B) Austria

47
Q

Philip II shared with Luther and Calvin the belief that

A

B) church and civil authorities should destroy heresy.

48
Q

The seven northern provinces of the Netherlands formed the __________ and in 1581 declared their independence from Spain.

A

A) Union of Utrecht

49
Q

The Saint Bartholomew’s Day massacre

A

D) exemplified the hatred between French Catholics and Protestants.

50
Q

The Edict of Nantes

A

E) provided conditions for the peaceful coexistence of Calvinism and Catholicism in France

51
Q

The Thirty Years’ War began in

A

A) Bohemia.

52
Q

The period ___________ saw witch-hunting on an unprecedented scale.

A

A) 1560 to 1660

53
Q

Baroque art was

A

B) intended to kindle the faith of the common people

54
Q

Among the hypotheses offered by scholars to explain the great witch-hunts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are all of the following except

A

E) a deliberate papal conspiracy to smear Protestants with charges of witchcraft.

55
Q

The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588

A

A) prevented Philip II from reuniting western Europe under Catholic rule.

56
Q

All of the following were factors in Elizabeth I’s decision to intervene in the Dutch revolt except

A

D) the impact of inflation on the Spanish economy.

57
Q
  1. The Portuguese brought the first African slaves to
A

A) Brazil

58
Q

The most significant changes brought about by the Columbian voyages were

A

A) biosocial in nature.

59
Q
  1. Amerindians gave the Spanish
A

B) syphilis.

60
Q

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, prostitution

A

B) Was common

61
Q

The caravel was

A

D) a three-masted sailing vessel developed in Portugal.

62
Q

The European attitude toward blacks derived from Christian theological speculation and

A

B) Arab ideas about Africans.

63
Q

A state may be termed __________ when it possesses a monopoly over the instruments of justice and the use of force within clearly defined boundaries.

A

A) sovereign

64
Q

Which of the following was not one of the outcomes of the Peace of Utrecht?

A

A) It gave the Dutch control over the former Spanish Netherlands.

65
Q

Louis XIII’s decision to destroy Huguenot independence was based on

A

D) the Huguenots’ refusal to allow Catholics freedom of worship in Huguenot cities.

66
Q

The Edict of Nantes was intended to

A

E) promote temporary religious and civil concord.

67
Q

In order to pay for the HabsburgValois wars, the French monarchs

A

C) sold public offices.

68
Q

The French royal budget in the first half of the sixteenth century was strained by both the HabsburgValois wars and

A

C) extravagant promotion of the arts by the monarchs.

69
Q
  1. The final collapse of Spain as a great military power was symbolized by the defeat at the Battle of Rocroi, and the resulting Treaty of
A

C) the Pyrenees.

70
Q
  1. The state that gained the most from the War of the Spanish Succession was
A

D) England.

71
Q

The primary instrument of Dutch overseas imperialism was the

A

B) Dutch East India Company.

72
Q

The decline of Spain in the seventeenth century can be attributed to all of the following causes except

A

A) conflict between the church and the state.

73
Q

The cause of the War of Spanish Succession was

A

E) The prospect of Louis XIV controlling both the French and Spanish thrones.

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