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AP GOV > Chapter 14 & 15: Federal Bureaucracy > Flashcards

Chapter 14 & 15: Federal Bureaucracy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a revenue?

A

a state’s annual income from which public expenses are met.

INCOME

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2
Q

What is a budget?

A

government document presenting the government’s proposed revenues and spending for a financial year that is often passed by the legislature, approved by the chief executive or president and presented by the Finance Minister to the nation.

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3
Q

Which branch has power when dealing with the budget and whose economic power is limited?

A

Congress and presidents is limited

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4
Q

Which branch of congress appropriates(gives money for a special purpose)?

A

HOE

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5
Q

Who are the major players in the budgetary congress?and what do they do?

A

President and the office of management and budget (OMB)
~produces presidents budget
~largest office within EOP

Congress and the congressional budget office (CBO)
~provides budget and economic info to Congress

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6
Q

How long does the budget process take? And what’s the process?

A

Takes 18 months to create the federal budget

Must find s balance between mandatory and discretionary spending

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7
Q

Difference between mandatory and discretionary spending

A

Mandatory (entitlement) - has to be spent at a certain place
Ej: social security,Medicare,Medicaid

Discretionary - implemented through an appropriations bill
Optional part of fiscal policy

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8
Q

What is an appropriations bill?other names

A

Running bill
Supply bill
Authorizes the government to spend money
Sets monies aside for specific spending

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9
Q

Fiscal policy

A

The means by which a government adjusts its spending levels and tax rates to monitor and influence a nations economy

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10
Q

What is a bureaucracy?and what is its responsibility?

A

Systematic way of organizing a complex and large administrative structure.

Responsible for carrying out day to day tasks of the organization

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11
Q

Fun fact

A

Bureaucracy at the federal level is the largest in the u.s with over 2.8 million employees

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12
Q

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF BUREAUCRACY
Hierarchical authority
Job specialization
Formal rules

A

Similar to a pyramid

Workers have defined duties and responsibilities

Established regulations and procedures

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13
Q

History and growth of bureaucracy

Beginnings
Spoils system
Reform movements

A

~In the beginning Standards for office included qualifications & political acceptability
~SP:practice of giving offices & government favors to political supporters and friends
~RM:competitive exams were tried but failed due to inadequate funding from Congress

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14
Q

What is the Pendleton act?also called and when it was passed

A

Civil service Act of 1883

Passed after assassination of Garfield by a disappointed office seeker

Replaced the spoils system with a merit based system as basis for hiring and promotion instead of political affiliation

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15
Q

Hatch Act of 1939 … When was it amended and who is exempt from it ? Which branch?

A

Amended in 1993

Prohibits gov employees from engaging in political activities while on duty or running for office

President VP

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16
Q

Civil service reform act of 1978 and what is replaced

A

Created the office of management to recruit train and establish classifications and salaries for federal employees

Replaced the civil service commission

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17
Q

How is the bureaucracy organized?

A

Cabinet departments
Independent executive agencies
Independent regulatory agencies
Government corporations

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18
Q

Red tape

A

Excessive bureaucracy or adherence to rules and formalities especially in public business
A series of actions or complicated tasks that seem unnecessary but that a government or organization requires you to do in order to get or do something

19
Q

Cabinet departments
How many
Headed by who except which one?

A

15 executive departments

created to advise the president and operate a specific Area of government activity

Each department is headed by a a secretary (except) department of justice headed by attorney general

20
Q

Independent executive agencies

Similar to which of the four bureaucratic organizations ? Ejemplos

A

Similar to cabinet without the status

Ej: NASA o small business administration

21
Q

Independent regulatory agencies
What is it specifically independent from ?
What does the federal reserve board do and who is it appointed by?
Who funds and created all of these agencies

A

Independent from executive

Created to regulate or police
~SEC
~Nuclear regulatory commission
~Federal Reserve Board: runs our economy,Appointed by PRES
all agencies created and funded by congress

*can be impeached

22
Q

Government corporations

A

Created by Congress to carry out business like activities
They charge for service
Ej: USPS , AMTRACK( train service)

23
Q

INFLUENCE ON BUREAUCRACY
What influence does the executive have on the bureaucracy
What influence does congress have on the bureaucracy
Iron triangles(sub governments)
Issue networks
Difference between IO AND IN

A

EX:Appointing the right people , issuing executive orders affecting the agency budget , restructuring of the agency
CG:Influencing appointments, affecting the agency’s budget , holding hearing , rewriting legislations or making legislation more detailed
IO:alliances that develop between bureaucratic agencies , interests groups and congressional committees or sub committees
IN:individuals in Washington located within the interest groups, congressional staff, think tanks , universities or media who regularly discuss and advocate public policy
DIFFERENCE: IN disband and form continually

24
Q

Think tanks

A

Institutions affiliated with universities, governments , advocacy groups , foundations , non-governmental organizations, businesses that generate public policy research , analysis , and activity

*hire people to study public policy and issues

25
Q

About presidents staff

FYI!!!

A

Presidents personal staff don’t need SENATE approval to serve in their positions

Ej: press secretary

26
Q

Executive Office of the President (EOP)
When it was established?
Organization?

A

Includes closest advisors to PRES

Established in 1939

Each president reorganized EOP to fit their
leadership style

Has several separate agencies

27
Q

Agencies of EOP

A 
White House Office 
National Security Council
Office of Management and Budget
Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives
Office of National Drug Control Policy 
 Office of Policy Development 
Council of Economic Advisors
Office of U.S Trade Representative
Office of Administration
Office of VP
28
Q

White House Office - agency

People

A

Personal and political staff members who help day to day management of the executive branch

Includes chief of staff(top;controls the rest of them)~needs political connections

Counsel to president

Press secretary

29
Q

National security council - agency

Created when by what?
Chief director of who?
Is it a separate council or groups of different organizations or agencies?

A

Established by National Security Act of 1947

Advises president on matters of domestic and foreign national security

Chief director of FBI

Group

30
Q

Office of Management and Budget - agency

A

Helps PRES prepare the annual federal budget

31
Q

Office of Faith Based and Community Initiatives

Created by who?why?

A

Encourages and expands private efforts to deal with social problems

32
Q

Office of National Drug Control Policy

A

Advisory and planning agency to combat the nations drug problem

33
Q

Office of Policy Development

A

Gives PRES domestic policy advice

34
Q

Council of Economic Advisors

A

Informs PRES about economic developments and problems

35
Q

Office of U.S Trade Representative

A

Advises PRES about foreign trade and helps negotiate foreign trade agreements

36
Q

Office of Administration

A

Provides administrative services to personnel of the EOP & gives direct support services to PRES

Ej: fielding telephone calls ,word processing, filing and faxing

Software skills

37
Q

Office of VP

A

Consists of VP’s staff

38
Q

What are the executive departments?

A 
State
Treasury 
Defense 
Interior 
Justice 
Agriculture
39
Q

State - department

A

1789
advises PRES on foreign policy
Negotiates treaties
Represents U.S in international organizations

40
Q

Treasury - department

A 
*accountant
1789
Collects federal revenues
Pays federal bills
Mints coins and prints paper money 
Enforces ATF laws
41
Q

Defense - department

Formed from who?

A

1789

Formed from the Department of War and the Department of Navy (1789) in 1947

Manages the armed forces
Operates military bases

42
Q

Interior - department

A

1849

Manages federal lands,refuges, and parks
Operates hydroelectric facilities
Manages Native American affairs

43
Q

Justice - department

A

1870

Provides legal advise to PRES
Enforces federal laws
Represent the U.S in court
Operates federal prisons

44
Q

Agriculture - department

A

1889

Provides agricultural assistance to farmers and ranchers

Inspects food

Manages national forests

AP GOV (3 decks)

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