Chapter 14 Flashcards
What is psychoanalysis?
Treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions behind actions and illnesses.
What is the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mind?
Conscious: everything you are currently aware of and thinking about.
Preconscious: parts of the brain that are available to the conscious mind but not currently in use.
Unconscious: feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories outside of conscious awareness.
What is free association?
A method of exploring the unconscious where the person relaxes and says everything that comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.
What are the id, ego, and superego?
Id: entirely unconscious, strives to satisfy basic drives (survive, reproduce, aggress, etc). Simply desires pleasure.
Ego: maintains balance between id and superego. Reality principle.
Superego: focuses on ideal behaviour, strives for perfection, a moral conscience.
Ego and superego are both partially conscious and partially unconscious.
What is the pleasure principle?
Immediate gratification.
What is the reality principle?
The ability of the mind to assess the reality of the external world and act on that instead of the pleasure principle.
What is Abraham Maslow’s humanistic theory?
Healthy, creative people are secure in their sense of self, and have reached the self-actualization stage in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
What is Carl Rogers’s person-centred perspective?
People are basically good and possess self-actualizing tendencies. We thrive in a climate with: acceptance, genuineness, and empathy.
