Chapter 14

Question 1

What suggests that many personality traits are heritable?

Answer 1

Twin Studies and adoption studies

Question 2

________ thought that the psyche consisted of three components
Id – basic instincts, operates on pleasure principle
Ego – principal decision maker
Superego – sense of morality

Conflict between these cause distress

Answer 2

Sigmund Freud

Question 3

Motivated forgetting of distressing appearences

Answer 3

Denial

Question 4

Motivated forgetting of emotionally threatening memories or impulses

Answer 4

Repression

Question 5

The act of returning psychologically to a younger and simpler safer age

Answer 5

regression

Question 6

What is reaction formation

Answer 6

Transforming an anxiety provoking emotion into its opposite

Question 7

Unconscoius attribution of our negative qualities onto others

Answer 7

projection

Question 8

Displacement

Answer 8

Directing an impulse onto a safer more socially acceptable target

Question 9

What is rationalization

Answer 9

Providing reasonable sound explanation for unreasonable behaviours

Question 10

Avoiding emotions associated with anxiety provoking experiences by focusing on abstract and impersonal thoughts

Answer 10

Intellectualization

Question 11

Adopting characteristics of individuals we find threatening

Answer 11

ID with the aggressor

Question 12

Transforming a socially unacceptable impulse into an admired goal

Answer 12

sublimation

Question 13

What did Carl rogers say the 3 major components of personality were?

Answer 13

1. Genetics
2. Self
3. Conditions of worth