Chapter 14

Question 1

Cerebrovascular disease

Answer 1

Collection of symptoms resulting from interruption of blood supply to the brain

Question 2

Infarct

Answer 2

Obstruction of an artery which causes necrosis

Question 3

Ischaemia

Answer 3

Blockage of blood supply

Question 4

Cerebral haemorrhage

Answer 4

Rupturing of a blood vessel in or around the brain

Question 5

Acute symptoms of stroke

Answer 5

Loss of function in one side of the body.

Slurred speech

Question 6

Transient ischemic attack

Answer 6

neurological symptoms disappear within 24 hours

Question 7

Risk factors for infarct

Answer 7

1. Age
2. Smoking
3. Hypertension
4. Diabetes
5. Obesity
6. High cholesterol

Question 8

Risk factors for Cerebral Haemorrhage

Answer 8

1. Hypertension
2. Arteriovenous malformation
3. Vascular wall inflammation
4. Coagulopathy
5. Brain tumour

Question 9

Neuropsychological effects of stroke

Answer 9

1. Memory: in 13-50% of patients in first week. Mostly anterograde amnesia
2. Attention and speed of processing: 40% show impaired attention
3. Language, 21-38%
4. Perception
5. Executive functions, 50% in acute phase
6. Motor system
7. Social cognition

Question 10

Vascular dementia

Answer 10

Motor slowness and executive dysfunction. Overlap with Alzheimer and dementia symptoms

Question 11

Other effects of stroke

Answer 11

1. Disorientation, delirium and confusion
2. Fatigue
3. Depression