Chapter 14 Flashcards
Hertz
One cycle per second
Frequency formula
oscillations/second
Period (T)
1/Frequency; the time to complete one full oscillation
Simple harmonic motion formula
x(t) = Asin(2pi f t); or Asin(2pi t/T)
Linear restoring force
Fsp= -kx; Fnet =-kx
Amplitude on a graph
a max distance from equilibrium
Hooke’s Law (for a spring)
Fsp= k delta L
Newton’s first law and spring
Fsp + w = k delta L = 0; delta L = mg/K
Velocity max
2pi x f x A
Acceleration max
(2pif)^2 A
Restoring force
a = -kx/m
Relating kinetic energy and potential energy
Umax= 1/2 kA^2; Kmax= 1/2 m (v max)^2; Umax = Kmax
Frequency of pendulum motion
f = (1/2pi)sq rt (g/L); pi is radians, g is gravity, L is length of pendulum
Period of pendulum motion
T = 2pi sq rt (L/g); pi is radians, g is gravity, L is length of pendulum
The frequency of a pendulum is independent of the _____ and _______.
Amplitude and mass
Maximum velocity for a pendulum bob
v(max) = A sq rt (g/L); or = sq rt (g x L) (max angle)
A restoring force acts to restore _________.
Equilibrium
Simple harmonic motion is described as a ________.
sinusoidal oscillation
The distance a vertical spring stretches with a mass attached to it.
delta L = mg/k; k is spring coefficient
Acceleration on a horizontal spring
a(t) = -a(max) cos (2pi f t)
Max acceleration formula
a(max) = (2pi f)^2 x A; A is (amplitude)
Frequency of horizontal spring
f = 1/(2pi) sq rt (k/m)
