Chapter 12 formulas & notes

Question 1

Atomic mass #

Answer 1

of protons + # of neutrons

Question 2

Mole

Answer 2

measurement for number of atoms in a particle; 1 mole = 6.02x10^23 atoms

Question 3

Number of moles

Answer 3

n = N/Na; n=# of moles, N = number of particles, Na= Avogadro’s number

Question 4

Molar mass

Answer 4

mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance

Question 5

atomic mass unit example

Answer 5

12C= 12u ; “u” is atomic mass unit and C is carbon

Question 6

Molar mass to moles formula

Answer 6

n=M (in grams)/Mmol

Question 7

Boltzmann’s constant

Answer 7

1.38 x 10^-23

Question 8

Etherm of Ideal gas

Answer 8

Eth= 3/2N (Kb) (delta T) ; Kb- Boltzmann’s constant

Question 9

Molecular speed

Answer 9

Kavg= 1/2m(v^2 avg)

Question 10

Root-mean square

Answer 10

v(rms)= sq rt (v^2)avg; or v(rms)= sq rt (3KbT/m)

Question 11

Pressure

Answer 11

p=F/A; Force/Area

Question 12

Pascal units

Answer 12

N/m^2

Question 13

1 atm

Answer 13

101.3 kPa

Question 14

Gage pressure

Answer 14

p(gage)= p - p(atmos)

Question 15

Ideal Gas law formula

Answer 15

pV= nRT ; R is constant 8.31 J/mol K

Question 16

Ideal Gas processes (quantity of gas if fixed)

Answer 16

p(i)V(i)/T(i) = p(f)V(f)/T(f)

Question 17

Isobaric process

Answer 17

constant pressure process

Question 18

Isothermic process

Answer 18

constant temp process

Question 19

Isochoric process

Answer 19

constant volume process

Question 20

Thermodynamics of Ideal Gas (work)

Answer 20

Wgas= p(delta V)

Question 21

Adiabatic process

Answer 21

heat is not transferred; expansion: delta Eth = Q-Wgas; compression: delta Eth= Q + Wgas

Question 22

Volume thermal expansion

Answer 22

delta V = beta Vi (delta T); beta is coefficient of volume expansion

Question 23

Linear thermal expansion

Answer 23

delta L = & Li (delta T); & = coefficient of linear expansion

Question 24

Specific heat

Answer 24

Q = Mc(delta T); M- mass, c- specific heat,

Question 25

Heat of Transformation (phase changes)

Answer 25

Q=ML

Question 26

Specific heat of gas- constant volume process

Answer 26

Q= nCv(delta T)

Question 27

Specific heat of gas- constant pressure process

Answer 27

Q= nCp (delta T)

Question 28

Calorimetry

Answer 28

Qnet= Q1 + Q2 = 0; remember change in temp and heat are negative for any system where there is a temp decrease.

Question 29

Calorimetry temperature change

Answer 29

Q(of delta T)= Mc(Tf-Ti)

Question 30

Calorimetry phase change

Answer 30

Q(of phase change)= +-ML

Question 31

Total Calorimetry heat change

Answer 31

Qnet = Q(sub T) + Q (phase)