Chapter 13.3

Question 1

mutation

Answer 1

Change in the genetic material of a cell

Question 2

point mutation

Answer 2

Gene mutation in which a single base pare in DNA has been changed

Question 3

substitutions

Answer 3

One base is changed to a different base

Question 4

insertions

Answer 4

Point mutation in which one base is inserted from the DNA sequence

Question 5

deletions

Answer 5

Point mutation in which one base is removed from the DNA sequence

Question 6

frameshift mutation

Answer 6

Mutation that shifts “reading frame” of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide

Question 7

chromosomal mutations

Answer 7

Changes in the number or structure of chromosomes

Question 8

deletion

Answer 8

Loss or a absence of a section from a nucleic acid molecule or chromosome

Question 9

duplications

Answer 9

Chromosomal mutation extra copy of all or part of a chromosome

Question 10

inversion

Answer 10

Chromosomal mutation reverses the direction of parts of a chromosome

Question 11

translocation

Answer 11

Chromosomal mutation occurs when parts of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another

Question 12

mutagen

Answer 12

Chemical or physical agents in the environment that intact with DNA and may cause a mutation

Question 13

polyploidy

Answer 13

Condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes