Chapter 13: The Roman Empire Flashcards
Lesson 2: Times of Peace
How did Augustus reform the army?
He cut the size of the Army in half and organized it into 28 legions
Why do you think Augustus cut the size of the Army in half?
Because since he was a great ruler, he didn’t have a lot of threats.
How did Augustus reform the soldiers benefits?
He taxed rich Romans to give soldiers regular pay instead of valuables and created a retirement program for them. Also after completing a set period of service, a soldier got land or money
Augustus reformed the organization of Rome’s provinces into two. What are these provinces?
The senatorial provinces (governed by the Senate) and the imperial provinces (controlled by the emperor)
Why was networks of roads within the empire important?
They were important for conquests, defense, communication, and trade
Why did Augustus repair and extend roads in the empire?
So that soldiers and traders could travel throughout the empire.
How did the main highways help?
They made the exchange if goods and ideas across long distances easier
Why was the Mediterranean Sea important?
It served as important trade routes
What goods did Rome obtain from different regions?
Mostly silk and spices
What regions did Rome mostly trade with?
China, India, Persia and non-Roman Africa
Why did Augustus make a standard currency for the empire?
So that traders across the empire could use the same money
Augustus rule marked the Pax Romana, after he died who took over?
Tiberius: Adopted son of Augustus, took away people’s rights,. adele it a crime to criticize emperor
Caligula: Senate chose him, related too Caesar, quickly became ill and couldn’t rule properly , no leg way to reach him from power. After four years of poor ruling he was assassinated
Claudius: Tiberius nephew, bought part of Britain into the Roman Empire
Nero: Stepson of Claudius, people hated him and rebelled against him, much of Rome burned in a huge fire under his rule, this added to hi unpopular
Five good emperors
Nerva: Tolerant of non Roman religions. Provided land for the poor and education for their children.
Trajan: Nerva’s adopted son, was the first ruler born outside the Italian Peninsula (Spain). Was the first Emperor since Claudius to conquer new territories, empire grew to its largest size under his rule.
Hadrian: Trajan’s adopted son, concentrated on defending the land rather than trying too take more.
Antoninus Pius: Hadrian’s adopted son, ruled over long periods of Peace.
Marcus Aurelius: Wise leader who faced many problems, invaders threatened the empire’s borders, he turned back invaders, died shortly after.
