Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Esthetician > Chapter 13 - Skin Care Products > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Skin Care Products Flashcards

1
Q

AHA’s

A

Acids derived from plants (mostly fruit) that are often used to exfoliate the skin; mild acids: glycol, lactic, malice, and tartaric acid. AHAs exfoliate by loosening the bonds between dead corneum cells and dissolve the intercellular matrix. Acids also stimulate cell renewal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alcohol

A

Antiseptic and solvent used in perfumes, lotions, and astringents. SD alcohol is a special denatured ethyl alcohol.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Algae

A

Derived from minerals and phytohormones; remineralizes and revitalizes the skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Allantoin

A

An anti-inflammatory compound isolated from the herb comfrey; it is used in creams, hand lotion, hair lotion. aftershave, and other skin-smoothing cosmetics for its ability to heal wounds and skin ulcers and to stimulate the growth of healthy tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aloe Vera

A

Most popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations; emollient and film-forming gum resin with hydrating, softening, healing, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Alpha Lipoic Acid

A

A natural molecule found in every cell in the body; it is a powerful antioxidant and is soluble in oil and water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Alum

A

Compound made of aluminum, potassium, or ammonium sulfate with strong astringent action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ampoules

A

Small, sealed vials containing a single application of highly concentrated extracts in a water or oil base.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anhydrous

A

Describes products that do not contain any water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aromatherapy

A

Therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils for beauty and health treatment purposes; involves the use of highly concentrated, nonoily, and volatile essential oils to induce such reactions as relaxation and invigoration, or to simply create a pleasant fragrance during a service.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Astringents

A

Liquids that help remove excess oil from the skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Azulene

A

Derived from the chamomile plant and characterized by its deep blue color; has anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Benzyl Peroxide

A

Drying ingredient with antibacterial properties commonly used for blemishes and acne.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Beta-glucans

A

Ingredients used in anti aging cosmetics to help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by stimulating the formation of collagen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

BHAs

A

Exfoliating organic acid; salicylic acid; milder than AHAs. BHAs dissolve oil and are beneficial for oily skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Binders

A

Substances such as glycerin that bind, or hold, products together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Botanicals

A

Ingredients derived from plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Calendula

A

Anti-inflammatory plant extract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Carbomers

A

Ingredients used to thicken creams; frequently used in gel products.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Carrot

A

Rich in Vitamin A, commonly derived from seeds and as an oil; also used as product colorant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Certified Colors

A

Inorganic color agents also known as metal salts; listed on ingredient labels as D&C (drug & cosmetic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Chamomile

A

Plant extract with calming and sooting properties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chelating Agent

A

Chemical agent that dissolves dead skin cells and the intercellular matrix, or “glue,” that holds them together (desmosomes).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Clay Masks

A

Oil-absorbing cleansing masks that draw impurities to the surface of the skin as they dry and tighten.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Cleansers

A

Soaps & detergents that clean the skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Coenzyme 10

A

Powerful antioxidant that protects and revitalizes the skin cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Colorants

A

Substances such as vegetable, pigment, or mineral dyes that give products color.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Comedogenicity

A

Tendency of any topical substance to cause or to worsen a buildup in the follicle, leading to the development of a comedo (blackhead).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Cosmeceuticals

A

Product intended to improve the skin’s health and appearance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Cosmetics

A

As defined by the FDA: articles that are intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Delivery Systems

A

Systems that deliver ingredients to specific tissues of the epidermis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Detergents

A

Type of surfactant used as cleansers in skin-cleansing products.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

DMAE

A

Dimethylaminoethanol; antioxidant that stabilizes cell membranes and boosts the effect of other antioxidants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Echinacea

A

Derivative of the purple coneflower; prevents infection and has healing properties; used internally to support the immune system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Emollients

A

Oil or fatty ingredients that lubricate, moisturize, and prevent water loss.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Emulsifiers

A

Surfactants that cause oil and water to mix and form an emulsion; an ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Enzyme Peels

A

Enzyme products that dissolve keratin proteins (dead skin cells) and exfoliate the skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Essential Oils

A

Oils derived from herbs; have many different properties and effects on the skin and psyche.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Exfoliants

A

Mechanical and chemical products or processes used to exfoliate the skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Exfoliation

A

Peeling or sloughing of the outer layer of skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Fatty Acids

A

Emollients; lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Fatty Alcohols

A

Emollients; fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Fatty Esters

A

Emollients produced from fatty acids and alcohols.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Fragrances

A

Give products their scent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Fresheners

A

Skin-freshening lotions with a low alcohol content.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Functional Ingredients

A

Ingredients in cosmetic products that allow the products to spread, give them body and texture, and give them a specific form such as lotion, cream, or gel. Preservatives are also functional ingredients.

47
Q

Glycerin

A

Formed by a decomposition of oils or fats; excellent skin softener and humectant; very strong water binders; sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams.

48
Q

Glycoproteins

A

Skin-conditioning agents derived from carbohydrates and proteins that enhance cellular metabolism and wound healing.

49
Q

Gommage

A

Also known as roll-off mask; exfoliating creams that are rubbed off the skin.

50
Q

Grapeseed Extract

A

Powerful antioxidant with soothing properties.

51
Q

Green Tea

A

Powerful antioxidant and soothing agent; antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and a stimulant.

52
Q

Healing Agents

A

Substances such as chamomile or aloe that help to heal the skin.

53
Q

Herbs

A

Hundreds of different herbs that contain phytohormones are used in skin care products and cosmetics; they heal, stimulate, soothe, and moisturize.

54
Q

Horsechesnut

A

Extract containing bioflavonoids; also known as Vitamin P. Helps strengthen capillary walls; used for couperose areas of telangiectasia.

55
Q

Humectants

A

Ingredients that attract water. Humectants draw moisture to the skin and soften its surface, diminishing lines caused by dryness.

56
Q

Hydrators

A

Ingredients that attract water to the skin’s surface.

57
Q

Hydrophilic Agents

A

Ingredients that attract water the skin’s surface.

58
Q

Jojoba

A

Oil widely used in cosmetics; extracted from the bean-like seeds of the desert shrub. Used as a lubricants and noncomedogenic emollient and moisturizer.

59
Q

Keratolytic

A

Agent that causes exfoliation, or sloughing of skin cells.

60
Q

Kojic Acid

A

Skin-brightening agent.

61
Q

Lakes

A

Insoluble pigments made by combining a dye with an inorganic material.

62
Q

Lanolin

A

Emollient with moisturizing properties; also an emulsifier with high water-absorption capabilities.

63
Q

Lavender

A

Antiallergenic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antibacterial, balancing, energizing, soothing & healing.

64
Q

Licorice

A

Anti-irritant used for sensitive skin; helps lighten pigmentation.

65
Q

Lipids

A

Fats or fat-like substance; lipids help repair and protect the barrier function of the skin.

66
Q

Liposomes

A

Closed-lipid bilayer spheres that encapsulate ingredients, target their delivery to specific tissues of the skin, and control their release.

67
Q

Lubricants

A

Coat the skin and reduce friction; mineral oil is a lubricant.

68
Q

Mask

A

AKA pack or masques; concentrated treatment products often composed of herbs, vitamins, mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, beneficial extracts, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate and nourish and treat the skin.

69
Q

Mechanical Exfoliation

A

Physical method of rubbing dead cells off of the skin.

70
Q

Methlparaben

A

One of the most frequently used preservatives because of its very low sensitizing potential; combats bacteria and molds; noncomedogenic.

71
Q

Mineral Oil

A

Lubricant derived from petroleum.

72
Q

Modelage Masks

A

AKA thermal masks; thermal heat masks; facial masks containing special crystals of gypsum, a plaster-like ingredient.

73
Q

Moisturizers

A

Products formulated to add moisture to the skin.

74
Q

Noncertified Colors

A

Colors that are organic, meaning they come from animal or plant extracts; they can also be natural mineral pigments.

75
Q

Oil Soluble

A

Compatible with oil.

76
Q

Olfactory System

A

Gives us our sense of smell, which is the strongest of the five senses.

77
Q

Papaya

A

Natural enzyme used for exfoliation and in enzyme peels.

78
Q

Parabens

A

One of the most commonly used groups of preservatives in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries; provide bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity against a diverse number of organisms.

79
Q

Paraffin Wax Masks

A

Mask used to warm the skin and promote penetration of ingredients through the heat trapped under the surface of the paraffin.

80
Q

Peptides

A

Chains of amino acids that stimulate fibroblasts, cell metabolism, collagen, and improve skin’s firmness. Larger chains are called polypeptides.

81
Q

Performance Ingredients

A

Ingredients in cosmetic products that cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin.

82
Q

Petroleum Jelly

A

Occlusive agent that restores the barrier layer by holding in water; used after laser surgery to protect the skin while healing.

83
Q

pH Adjusters

A

Acids or alkalis (bases) used to adjust the pH of products.

84
Q

Phytotherapy

A

Use of plant extracts for therapeutic benefits.

85
Q

Polyglucans

A

Ingredients derived from yeast cells that help strengthen the immune system and stimulate metabolism; also hydrophilic and help preserve and protect collagen and elastin.

86
Q

Polymers

A

Chemical compounds formed by combining a number of small molecules (monomers) into long chain-like structures; advanced vehicles that release substances onto the skin’s surface at a microscopically controlled rate.

87
Q

Potassium Hydroxide

A

Strong alkali used in soaps and creams.

88
Q

Preservatives

A

Chemical agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms in cosmetic formulations. These kill bacteria and prevent products from spoiling.

89
Q

Propylene Glycol

A

Humectant often used in dry- or sensitive-skin moisturizers.

90
Q

Quaternium 15

A

All-purpose preservative active against bacteria, mold, and yeast. It is probably the greatest formaldehyde-releaser among cosmetic preservatives; may cause dermatitis and allergies.

91
Q

Retinol

A

Natural form of Vitamin A; stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize skin cells by generating new cells.

92
Q

Rose

A

Credited with moisturizing, astringent, tonic, and deodorant properties; found in the forms of rose extracts, oil, or water.

93
Q

Salicylic Acid

A

Beta hydroxy acid with exfoliating and antiseptic properties; natural sources include sweet birch, willow bark, and wintergreen.

94
Q

Seaweed

A

Seaweed derivatives such as algae have many nourishing properties; known for its humectant and moisturizing properties, vitamin content, metabolism stimulation and detoxification, and aiding skin firmness.

95
Q

Serums

A

Concentrated liquid ingredients for the skin designed to penetrate and treat various skin conditions.

96
Q

Silicones

A

Oil that is chemically combined with silicon and oxygen and leaves a noncomedogenic protective film on the surface of the skin.

97
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Baking soda; an alkaline inorganic salt used as a buffering agent, neutralizers, and a pH adjuster.

98
Q

Sorbitol

A

Humectant that absorbs moisture from the air to prevent skin dryness.

99
Q

Sphingolipids

A

Ceramides, or lipid material, that are a natural part of the intercellular matrix. Glycosphingollpids and phospholipids are also natural lipids found in the barrier layer.

100
Q

Squalane

A

Derived from olives; desensitizes and nourishes; an emollient.

101
Q

Squalene

A

Originally from shark liver oil; also occurs in small amounts in olive oil, wheat germ oil, and rice bran oil; also found in human sebum. A lubricant and perfume fixative.

102
Q

Stem Cells

A

Derived from plants to protect or stimulate our own stem cells; for health and anti aging benefits.

103
Q

Sulfur

A

Sulfur reduces oil-gland activity and dissolves the skin’s surface layer of dry, dead cells. This ingredient is commonly used in acne products.

104
Q

Sun Protection Factor

A

SPF; ability of a product to delay sun-induced erythema, the visible sign of sun damage. The SPF rating is based only on UVB protection, not UVA exposure.

105
Q

Tea Tree

A

Soothing & antiseptic; antifungal properties.

106
Q

Tissue Respiratory Factor

A

TRF; ingredient derived from yeast cells that functions as an anti-inflammatory & moisturizing ingredient.

107
Q

Titanium Dioxide

A

Inorganic physical sunscreen that reflects UV radiation.

108
Q

Toners

A

AKA fresheners or astringents; liquids designed to tone & tighten the skin’s surface.

109
Q

Urea

A

Properties include enhancing the penetration abilities of other substances; anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and deodorizing action that protects the skin’s surface and helps maintain healthy skin.

110
Q

Vehicles

A

Spreading agents and ingredients that carry or deliver other ingredients into the skin and make them more effective.

111
Q

Water Soluble

A

Mixable with water.

112
Q

Witch Hazel

A

Extracted from the bark of the hamanelis shrub; can be a soothing agent or, in higher concentrations, an astringent.

113
Q

Zinc Oxide

A

Inorganic physical sunscreen that reflects UVA radiation. Also used to protect, soothe, and heal the skin; is somewhat astringent, antiseptic, and antibacterial.

Esthetician (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions