Chapter 13 - Shopping

Question 1

What factors influence the decisions we make?

Answer 1

Needs & Wants: What we must have & what we would like to have.
Resources: Amount of € and time available.
Values/Priorities: What is important to us.
Other People: Family and peer groups.
Emotions: May feel strongly about something.
Fashion: In clothes, music and food.
Merchandising: Easy payment options, discounts.
Advertising: Can persuade us to buy things we may not need.
Culture: We buy certain things at certain times e.g. Christmas

Question 2

What factors should we consider when shopping?

Answer 2

Budget, quality, value, design, comfort, environment, maintenance, purpose, guarantee, safety.

Question 3

Explain each type of shopping outlet and give and example, an advantage and a disadvantage for each.

Answer 3

See table in copy!

Question 4

Name 5 changes in shopping practises.

Answer 4

1. Restaurants, crèches and toilets are provided
2. Many shops open late, on Sundays and for 24hrs.
3. Home delivery services
4. Widespread use of customer loyalty cards
5. Free parking provided by shops

Question 5

What are the advantages of self service?

Answer 5

1. Quick & convenient
2. Customer has more time to spend on selection
3. Self-service checkouts may reduce queuing time

Question 6

What are the disadvantages of self-service?

Answer 6

1. Less personal contact
2. More temptation to impulse buy
3. Can be long queues at checkouts

Question 7

What are the advantages of counter service?

Answer 7

1. Personal service
2. Advice offered
3. Less effort for the shopper

Question 8

What are the disadvantages of counter service?

Answer 8

1. Higher prices
2. More staff is needed which leads to higher costs
3. Smaller selection of goods

Question 9

Name 3 techniques that encourage customers to spend more.

Answer 9

1. Essentials such as bread and milk are often far from the entrance do the customers must walk right through the shop
2. Essentials are at lower shelves as luxuries are at eye level
3. Sweets and magazines or health and beauty items placed near the checkout for last minute impulse buys

Question 10

Name 5 guidelines for shopping.

Answer 10

1. Always make a list and stick to it
2. Avoid impulse buying
3. Look for quality and freshness
4. Shop around and compare prices and value for money
5. Avoid shopping when tired or hungry

Question 11

What are the functions of packaging?

Answer 11

1. Advertises the product
2. Protects goods from damage
3. Keeps products (food) clean and fresh
4. Provides information on product e.g. Ingredients

Question 12

What are the characteristics of good packaging?

Answer 12

Packaging should be strong, waterproof, hygienic, easy to open, easy to reseal is desired and biodegradable.

Question 13

What are the types of packaging?

Answer 13

1. Glass: Bottles and jars, plain or tinted glass
2. Paper: May be plain, waxed, cardboard or laminated e.g. Tetrapak
3. Metal: Tin cans, aluminium cans, foil trays, aluminium trays
4. Plastic: Bottles, jars, bags, cartons, cling film, vacuum packing.

Question 14

Why is labelling important?

Answer 14

1. Identify the product
2. Advertise the product
3. Describe what the goods are made of
4. Warn of the dangers of using or misusing the product
5. Give advice on how to use and care for the product e.g. Cooking
6. Tell where product was made
7. Carry bar codes

Question 15

What are the disadvantages of overpacking?

Answer 15

1. Uses natural resources e.g. Paper & plastic
2. Dads to price of product
3. May be difficult to open/reseal
4. Can be deceptive e.g. Large packets may have little contents
5. Cause litter and pollution
6. When heated aerosols have chemicals that damage the environment

Question 16

Name and explain the 4Rs

Answer 16

Refuse: Over-packaged goods and unnecessary plastic bags
Reduce: The amount of pre-packed items
Reuse: Plastic bags and other containers
Recycle: As much as you can

Question 17

What are barcodes?

Answer 17

A small rectangle found on most products. Contain information such as product name, price weight and origin. They ensure till receipts are accurate and help the retailer with stock control and ordering.

Question 18

What are own brands?

Answer 18

Products made by shops e.g. Tesco. These products are usually packaged simply and are often cheaper then similar branded products.

Question 19

What is unit pricing?

Answer 19

When some unpacked goods such as fruit & veg, meat & fish are priced according to the unit of measurement e.g. 98c per kg.

Question 20

What is bulk buying?

Answer 20

This means buying large quantities of a product usually because it’s cheaper e.g. Toilet roll, detergents.

Question 21

What is loss leaders?

Answer 21

When a shop sells product cheaper to attract customers. The retailer hopes the consumer will buy more when they come inside the shop.

Question 22

What are the advantages and disadvantages of cash?

Answer 22

A= Quick & easy
D= Cash can be lost or stolen easily

Question 23

Whatever the advantages and disadvantages of cheques?

Answer 23

A= Safer and more convenient then cash
D= Easy to overspend

Question 24

What are the advantages and disadvantages of credit cards?

Answer 24

A= Customer has 28 days to pay for balance on card
D= Is balanced is not payed on time, interest is charged

Question 25

What are the advantages and disadvantages of debit cards?

Answer 25

A= Money is taken straight from the account within 1-2 days
D= Current account is required

Question 26

What is the decision making process?

Answer 26

D - Define the decision to be made
E - Enquire about possible choices
C - Consider the choices
I - investigate results of different options
D - decide on a plan and put it into action.
E - Evaluate results (happy with outcome?).