Chapter 13 Psychosocial Problems in Adolescence

Question 1

____, the misuse of alcohol or other drugs to a degree that causes problems in the individuals life.

Answer 1

Substance Abuse

Question 2

____, psycho social problems that are manifested in a turning of the symptoms inward, as in depression of anxiety.

Answer 2

Internalizing Disorders

Question 3

____, psycho social problems that are manifested in a turning of the symptoms outward, as in aggression or delinquency

Answer 3

Externalizing Disorders

Question 4

____, Co-occurring, as when an individual has more than one problem at the same time

Answer 4

comorbid

Question 5

____, the co-variation among various types of externalizing disorders believed to result from an underlying trait of unconventionality

Answer 5

Problem Behavior Syndrome

Question 6

____, a theory of delinquency that links deviance with the absence of bonds to society’s main institutions

Answer 6

Social Control Theory

Question 7

____, the presumed underlying cause of internalizing disorders, characterized by high levels of subjective distress

Answer 7

Negative Affectivity

Question 8

____, an annual survey of nationwide sample of American 8th, 10th, 12th graders, mainly known for its data on adolescent substance use

Answer 8

Monitoring the Future

Question 9

____consuming 5 or more drinks in a row on one occasion, an indicator of alcohol abuse

Answer 9

Binge Drinking

Question 10

____, a neurotransmitter especially important in the brain circuits that regulate the experience of pleasure

Answer 10

Dopamine

Question 11

____ drugs that, when used over time, lead to the use of other, more dangerous substances

Answer 11

Gateway Drug

Question 12

____, patterns of change over time

Answer 12

Developmental Trajectories

Question 13

____, the misuse of alcohol or other drugs to a degree that causes problems in the individuals life

Answer 13

Substance Abuse

Question 14

____, the misuse of alcohol or other drugs to a degree that causes physical addiction

Answer 14

Substance Dependence

Question 15

____, Factors that limit individual vulnerability to harm

Answer 15

Protective Factors

Question 16

____, a repetitive and persistent pattern of antisocial behavior that results in problems at school or work, or in relationships with others

Answer 16

Conduct Disorder

Question 17

____, a disorder of childhood and adolescence characterized by excessive anger, spite, and stubborness

Answer 17

Op-positional-Defiant Disorder

Question 18

____, a disorder of adulthood characterized by antisocial behavior and persistent disregard for the rules of society and the rights of others

Answer 18

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Question 19

____, individuals who are not only antisocial but also manipulative, superficially charming, impulsive, and indifferent to the feelings of others

Answer 19

Psychopaths

Question 20

____, acts done to be intentionally harmful

Answer 20

Aggression

Question 21

____, an externalizing problem that includes delinquency and criminal behavior

Answer 21

Juvenile Offending

Question 22

____, juvenile offending that is processed within the juvenile justice system

Answer 22

Deliquency

Question 23

____, crimes that are dealt with in the criminal justice system, regardless of the age of the offender

Answer 23

Criminal Behavior

Question 24

____, violations of the law that pertain to minors but not adults

Answer 24

Status Offense

Question 25

____, the relationship between chronological age and offeding, showing that the prevalence of offending peaks in late adolescence

Answer 25

Age-Crime Curve

Question 26

____, a type of antisocial behavior characterized by stubbornness and rebelliousness

Answer 26

Authority Conflicts

Question 27

____, a type of antisocial behavior characterized by misdeeds that are not always detected by others, such as lying or stealing

Answer 27

Covert Antisocial Behavior

Question 28

____, a type of antisocial behavior characterized by aggression toward others

Answer 28

Overt Antisocial Behavior

Question 29

____, individuals who begin demonstrating antisocial or aggressive behavior during childhood and continue their antisocial behavior throughout adolescence and into adulthood

Answer 29

Life-course-persistent offenders

Question 30

____, antisocial adolescents whose delinquent or violent behavior begins and ends during adolescence

Answer 30

Adolescence-limited offenders

Question 31

____, biologically based psychological disorder characterized by im-pulsivity, inattentiveness, and restlessness, often in school situations

Answer 31

ADHD

Question 32

____, the tendency to interpret ambiguous interactions with others as deliberately hostile

Answer 32

Hostile Attributional Bias

Question 33

____, a psychological disturbance characterized by low self-esteem, decreased motivation, sadness, and difficulty in finding pleasure in formerly pleasurable activities

Answer 33

Depression

Question 34

____, a hormone known to influence emotional bonding to others

Answer 34

Oxytocin

Question 35

____, thinking about ending ones life

Answer 35

Suicidal Thoughts

Question 36

____, a perspective on disorder that posits that problems are the result of an interaction between a preexisting condition (the Diathesis) and exposure to a stressful event or condition

Answer 36

Diathesis - stress Model

Question 37

____, hormonal activity in the brain and nervous system

Answer 37

N-euro-endocrine

Question 38

____, a class of antidepressant medications that have proven to be effective with adolescents suffering from internalizing problems, such as depression

Answer 38

Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors SSRI’s

Question 39

____, an approach to health promotion that emphasizes teaching all adolescents certain behaviors, values and information

Answer 39

Primary Prevention

Question 40

____, an approach to health promotion that is specifically aimed at adolescents believed to be at high risk for a particular disease or disturbance

Answer 40

Secondary Prevention

Question 41

____, The ability of an individual to continue to function competently in the face of adversity or stress

Answer 41

Resilience

Question 42

____, coping strategies in which an individual attempts to change the stressor

Answer 42

Primary Control Strategies

Question 43

____, Coping strategies that involve attempts by the individual to adapt to the stressor

Answer 43

Secondary Control Strategies