Chapter 12 Achievement Flashcards
____, The psychosocial domain concerning behaviors with feelings in evaluative situations.
Achievement
____, A need that influences the extent to which an indiviual strives for success in evaluative situations.
Need of Achievement
____, Fear of the consequences of failing in achievement situations.
Fear of Failure
____, Individuals whose actual school perfomance is lower than what would be expected on the basis of objective measures of their aptitude or intelligence.
Underachievers
____, Deliberately behaving in ways that will likely interferre with doing well, in order to have an excuse for failing.
Self-Handicapping
____, Motivation based on the pleasure one will experience from mastering a task.
Intrinsic Motivation.
____, Motivation based on the rewards one will receive for successful performance.
Extrinsic Motivation.
____, The harmful effect that exposure to stereotypes about ethnic or sex differences in ability has on student performance.
Stereotype Threat
____, The sense that an individual has some control over his or her life.
Self-Efficacy.
____, The beliefs an indivual holds about the causes of her or his successes and failures.
Achievement Attributions
____, The acquired belief that an individual is not able to influence events through his or her own efforts or actions.
Learned Helplessness
What 2 things work together to pull adolescents toward or repel them from achievement situations?
Need for achievement & fear of failure
What is often done so that students have an excuse for poor performance other than a lack of ability?
Self-Handicapping
Contemporary theories tend to stress the interaction of what 4 things as influencing adolescents achievement orientation?
Motives, Beliefs, Attributions, & Goals
Adolescents who believe that ability its ____, are what 3 things that seperate them to achieve more than others?
Malleable. Movtivated by intrinsic rather than extrinsic rewards, Confident about their abilities, & Attribue their success and failures to effort rather than to thigs they cant control
____, The resources provided within a family through the exposure of the adolescent to art, music, literature, & other elements of “high culture”.
Cultural Capital
____, The interpersonal resources available to an adolescent or family.
Social Capital
Adolescents perfrom better and are more engaged in school whey they come from ______ homes in which their parents are highly involved in their education.
Authoritative
True or False. Adolescents whose friends support academic achievement perform better in school.
True
What are the 4 things that researchers now understand that patterns of achievement are the result of a cumulative process of experiences and socialization in?
School, Family, Peer Groups, & the Community
____, a mesure of achievement based on a indivudal’s grades in school.
School Performance
____, Achievement that is measured by standardized tests of scholastic ability or knowledge.
Academic Achievement.
____, The nunmber of years of schooling completed by an individual
Educational Attainment
____, A periodic testing of American 4th, 8th, & 14th grades by the federal government, used to track achievement.
NAEP National Assessment of Educational Progress
____, The practice of promoting students from one grade to the next automatically, regardless of their school performance.
School Promotion.
____, According to Super, the stage during which individuals, typically ages 14-18, first begin to formulate their ideas about appropriate occupations.
Crystallization
____, According to Super, the stage during which individuals, typically ages 18-21, first begin to consider narrowly defined occupational pursuits.
Specification
____, A personality designed by Holland and used to help individuals better understand their vocational interests.
Self-Directed Search
____, The paritcular sorts of rewards an individual looks for in a job (extrinsic, intrinsic, social, alturistic, security, influence, leisure).
Work Values
____, A measure of achievement based on the status or prestige of the job an individual holds.
Occupational Attainment
What are the 5 factors that have influences on adolescents career choices?
Personality, Work values, Social background, Perception of the labor market, & Potential placement in the labor market.
Educational achievement is usually defined in 1 of which 3 ways?
School Performance, Academic Achievement, Edcuational Attainment
What are the 4 reasons why higher/middle class socioeconomic status adolescents achieve more?
Support at home, Better nourished, More consistenly encouraged, Less exposure to stress
What are the 5 reasons why adolescents arent doing well in school?
Not spending enough time on basic instruction and more disciplining. Parental encouragement isnot there. Difficulty of textbooks are declining. Students arent studying enough outside of school. Grade inflation.
