Chapter 13: Family and Religion

Question 1

Religious fundamentalism

Answer 1

• Literal interpretation of sacred texts
• Rejection of religious pluralism
• Pursuit of personal experience of God’s presence
• Opposition of “secular humanism”
• Endorsement of conservative political goals

Question 2

State church

Answer 2

Church formally allied with the state

Question 3

Cult

Answer 3

Religious organization that is largely outside a society’s cultural traditions

Question 4

Sect

Answer 4

• Type of religious organization that stands apart from the larger society
• Many sects actively recruit or proselytize new members and value conversion

Question 5

Denomination

Answer 5

Church, independent of the state, that recognizes religious pluralism

Question 6

Nuclear family

Answer 6

• Predominate family form composed of one or two parents and their children
• Also called “conjugal family”

Question 7

Extended family

Answer 7

• Family consisting of parents, children and other kin

- Also called “consanguine families”

Question 8

Family of affinity

Answer 8

People who think of themselves as a family and wish others to see them that way

Question 9

Endogamy

Answer 9

Marriage between people of the same social category

Question 10

Exogamy

Answer 10

Marriage between people of different social categories

Question 11

Monogamy

Answer 11

Marriage that unites two partners

Question 12

Polygamy

Answer 12

Marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses

Question 13

Polygyny

Answer 13

Marriage that unites one man and two or more women

Question 14

Polyandry

Answer 14

Marriage that unites one woman and two or more men

Question 15

Patrilocal

Answer 15

Residential pattern in which a married couple lives with or near the husband’s family

Question 16

Matrilineal

Answer 16

Residential pattern in which a married couple lives with or near the wife’s family

Question 17

Sacred

Answer 17

• Set apart as extraordinary, inspiring awe and reverence

- Embodied in ritual or formal, ceremonial behavior

Question 18

Profane

Answer 18

Ordinary elements of everyday life

Question 19

Faith

Answer 19

Belief-based conviction rather than scientific evidence

Question 20

Ritual

Answer 20

a religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order

Question 21

Totem

Answer 21

An object in the natural world collectively defined as sacred

Question 22

Liberation theology

Answer 22

• Combined Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character
• Social oppression counter Christian morality