Chapter 13 (Conflict/Peace)

Question 1

A perceived incompatibility of actions or goals

* arises from misperceptions 
* breed by competition

Answer 1

conflict

Question 2

A condition marked by low levels of hostility and aggression and by mutually beneficial relationships

Answer 2

Peace

Question 3

A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing its self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior

Answer 3

Social

Question 4

1. If prisoner A confesses and Prisoner B doesn’t, the DA immunity to A and B will get max sentence
2. both confess each receive moderate sentence
3. neither confess each receive light sentence

Answer 4

1. If prisoner A confesses and Prisoner B doesn’t, the DA immunity to A and B will get max sentence
2. both confess each receive moderate sentence
3. neither confess each receive light sentence

Question 5

The “commons” is any shared resource (air, water, food) the tragedy occurs when individuals consume more than their share, with the cost of their doing so dispersed among all, causing the ultimate collapse.

Answer 5

Tragedy of the Commons

Question 6

explain own behavior situationally (had to protect self) and others dispositionally (she was greedy)

Answer 6

Fundamental attribution Error

Question 7

Games which outcomes don’t come to zero
With cooperation both can win,
with competition both can lose

Answer 7

Non-zero-sum games

Question 8

Resolving social dilemmas

Answer 8

Regulation
Smaller groups
Communication
Change payoffs (reward cooperation punish/exploitation)

Question 9

Reciprocal views of each other often held by parties in conflict; each my view self as moral and other as evil

Answer 9

Mirror-image perceptions

Question 10

Contact on an equal basis

Reduces prejudice if interracial contact is between equal status

Answer 10

equal-status contact

Question 11

Peace can be achieved by:

Answer 11

Contact
Cooperation
Common threat
Goals
Learning
Same Group

Question 12

A shared goal that necessitates cooperative effort and overrides differences

Answer 12

Superordinate goal

Question 13

Seeking an agreement to a conflict through direct negotiation between parties

Answer 13

bargaining

Question 14

An attempt by a neutral third party to resolve a conflict by facilitation communication and offering suggestions

Answer 14

mediation

Question 15

resolution of a conflict by a neutral third party who studies both sides and imposes a settlement

Answer 15

arbitration

Question 16

Communication to resolve differences:

Answer 16

bargaining
mediation
arbitration

Question 17

Win-win agreements that reconcile both parties’ interests to their mutual benefit

Answer 17

integrative agreements

Question 18

a strategy designed to de-escalate international tensions after announcing conciliatory intent

Answer 18

GRIT

graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension and reduction